cyclopentane/[PdCl(C3H5)]2 efficiently catalyses the Heck reaction of disubstituted alkenes such as methyl crotonate, ethyl cinnamate, methyl methacrylate or α-methylstyrene with a variety of aryl halides. In the presence of 1,2-disubstituted alkenes the stereoselectivities of the reactions strongly depend on the substituents of the alkenes. Selectivities up to 97% in favor of E-isomers can be obtained
顺式,顺式,顺式-1,2,3,4-四(二苯基膦甲基)环戊烷/ [PdCl(C 3 H 5)] 2有效催化巴豆酸甲酯,肉桂酸乙酯,甲基丙烯酸甲酯或α等二取代烯烃的Heck反应-甲基苯乙烯与各种芳基卤化物。在1,2-二取代的烯烃的存在下,反应的立体选择性强烈取决于烯烃的取代基。添加到巴豆酸甲酯中可以得到高达97%的选择性,有利于E-异构体。用1,1-二取代的烯烃获得甲基丙烯酸甲酯或α-甲基苯乙烯的产物混合物。
Palladium(II) Acetate Catalyzed Reductive Heck Reaction of Enones; A Practical Approach
作者:Subramaniyan Mannathan、Saeed Raoufmoghaddam、Joost N. H. Reek、Johannes G. de Vries、Adriaan J. Minnaard
DOI:10.1002/cctc.201500760
日期:2015.12
A surprisingly practical Pd(OAc)2 or Pd(TFA)2‐catalyzed reductive Heckreaction between aryl iodides and α,β‐unsaturated ketones is described using N,N‐diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA, Hünigs base) as the reductant. In general, 1 mol % of Pd(OAc)2 is sufficient to afford good yields using electron‐rich or halogen‐substituted aryl iodides. Electron‐deficient aryl iodides preferentially give homocoupling
An umpolung-enabled copper-catalysed regioselective hydroamination approach to α-amino acids
作者:Soshi Nishino、Masahiro Miura、Koji Hirano
DOI:10.1039/d1sc03692k
日期:——
hydroxylamine as an umpolung, electrophilicamination reagent. Additionally, a judicious choice of conditions involving the CsOPiv base and DTBM-dppbz ligand of remote steric hindrance enables the otherwise challenging C–N bond formation at the α position to the carbonyl. The point chirality at the β-position is successfully controlled by the Xyl-BINAP or DTBM-SEGPHOS chiral ligand with similarly remote
Probing the Evolution of Palladium Species in Pd@MOF Catalysts during the Heck Coupling Reaction: An Operando X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Study
作者:Ning Yuan、Vlad Pascanu、Zhehao Huang、Alejandro Valiente、Niclas Heidenreich、Sebastian Leubner、A. Ken Inge、Jakob Gaar、Norbert Stock、Ingmar Persson、Belén Martín-Matute、Xiaodong Zou
DOI:10.1021/jacs.8b03505
日期:2018.7.5
mechanism of the Heck C-C coupling reactioncatalyzed by Pd@MOFs has been investigatedusing operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) combined with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) kinetic studies. A custom-made reaction cell was used, allowing operando PXRD and XAS data collection using high-energy synchrotron
使用原位 X 射线吸收光谱 (XAS) 和粉末 X 射线衍射 (PXRD) 结合透射电子显微镜 (TEM) 分析和核磁共振 (1H) 研究了由 Pd@MOFs 催化的 Heck CC 偶联反应的机理。 NMR)动力学研究。使用定制的反应池,允许使用高能同步辐射进行操作 PXRD 和 XAS 数据收集。通过结合非原位研究分析 XAS 数据,可以跟踪钯物种从合成状态到失活形式的演变。提出了一种自适应反应机制。发现单核 Pd(II) 配合物是反应开始时的主要活性物质,然后在随后的催化转换中逐渐转变为平均具有 13-20 个 Pd 原子的 Pd 纳米团簇。可用试剂和底物的消耗导致 Cl- 离子与其表面配位,从而导致活性位点中毒。通过了解失活过程,可以调整反应条件并延长催化剂的寿命。
Simple Preparation of 4-Aryl- and 4-Alkyl-2(5<i>H</i>)-furanones from β-Substituted Crotonic Esters
Treatment of ß-aryl- or ß-alkylcrotonic esters with selenium dioxide in acetic acid in the presence of a catalytic amount of perchloric acid gave 4-substituted 2(5H)-furanones in moderate to good yields.