Singlet oxygen oxidation of substituted furans to 5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone
摘要:
The conditions for the regiospecific singlet oxygen oxidation of various 2,4-disubstituted furans 9 to 4-substituted-2 (5H)-furanones 3 are developed. The presence of a C-2 substituent (e.g., trimethylsilyl, tert-butyldimethylsilyl, or tributylstannyl) in 9 is an absolute requirement for the formation of the 4-substituted-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone regioisomer 3. When the C-2 substituent is triethylsilyl (TES) or TBDMS, however, apart from 3, the corresponding 5-trialkylsiloxy derivative 11 is also isolated in a significant amount. These silyl acetals are unexpectedly stable but can be hydrolyzed back to 3 on stirring with dilute acid. The formation of silyl acetals, to our knowledge, has never been reported in the singlet oxygen oxidation of (trialkylsilyl)furan. A plausible mechanism for their formation is proposed. The presence of a catalytic amount of water in the oxidation of 2-(trialkylsilyl)-4-substituted-furans not only eliminates the formation of the silyl acetals but also speeds up the rate of the oxidation process. Moreover, the oxidation can then be carried out at 0-degrees-C instead of at -78-degrees-C. Oxidation of 2-(1-hydroxyalkyl)-4-substituted-furans in the absence of a reducing agent gives little or no sign of 2,5-disubstituted-6-hydroxy-3(2H)-pyranone 23 but instead 26 selectively. Thus, the (1-hydroxy)alkyl group can be utilized as the trialkylsilyl or trialkylstannyl group in dictating the regioselectivity in the singlet oxygen oxidation of substituted furans.
catalytic methods for the oxidative furan-recyclizations remain scarcely investigated. Given this, we report a means of manganese-catalyzed oxidations of furan with low loading, achieving the Achmatowiczrearrangement in the presence of hydrogen peroxide as an environmentally benign oxidant under mild conditions with wide functional group compatibility.
The design and development of an enantioselective aza-Piancatelli rearrangement reaction are described. In the presence of a chiral phosphoric acid catalyst, furylcarbinols react with anilines to afford highly functionalized cyclopentenones with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities. The process was shown to be scalable, and up to 1 gram of starting material could be employed under mild reaction
stereochemically complex and structurally diverse small molecules from natural products using ring-distortion reactions, was applied in the synthesis of a 47-member compound collection from the natural product griseofulvin. A Tsuji–Trost allylation and oxa-Michael cyclization tandem reaction was used for the first time in the CtD strategy to generate complex ring fused compounds.
The binary reagent PhI(OAc)2-Mg(CIO4)2:a SET induced ring enlargement of furan derivatives into pyranones
作者:Antonella De Mico、Roberto Margarita、Giovanni Piancatelli
DOI:10.1016/0040-4039(95)91393-k
日期:1995.5
The binary reagent PhI(OAc)2-Mg(CIO4)2 is very efficient for a high conversion of (2-furyl)-1-alcohols into pyranones. The reaction mechanism can be explained in terms of a SET process, with the generation of a cation radical as key intermediate.
Unprecedented Reactivity of γ‐Amino Cyclopentenone Enables Diversity‐Oriented Access to Functionalized Indoles and Indole‐Annulated Ring Structures
作者:Chenna Jagadeesh、Biplab Mondal、Sourav Pramanik、Dinabandhu Das、Jaideep Saha
DOI:10.1002/anie.202016015
日期:2021.4.12
indole derivatives, which is developed in the current study. Herein, a vast range of C3/N‐indolyl enones and indole alkaloid‐like compound were accessed in excellent yields (up to 99 %) and selectivity through a one‐pot operation. The mechanism most likely involves an unprecedented trait of Piancatelli‐type rearrangement where influence of the gem‐diaryl group appeared crucial.