代谢
阿齐米利德在人身上的代谢命运是不寻常的,因为它在体内发生裂解,形成两类结构上不同的代谢物。一项研究表明,裂解代谢物4-氯-2-苯基呋喃酸在血浆中浓度很高,而其他血浆代谢物,如阿齐米利德N-氧化物和裂解的己内酰胺代谢物,其浓度低于阿齐米利德。在尿液中,裂解代谢物是主要的代谢物(大于剂量的35%),其次是酚类(作为结合物,占7%-8%),阿齐米利德N-氧化物(占4%-10%),丁酸代谢物(占2%-3%)和去甲基阿齐米利德(占2%)。对粪便代谢物进行的有限调查表明,阿齐米利德(占3%-5%)、去甲基阿齐米利德(占1%-3%)和丁酸代谢物(小于1%)存在。通过体外和体内研究确定的阿齐米利德代谢的途径包括CYPs 1A1(估计占28%)、3A4/5(估计占20%)、2D6(小于1%)、FMO(估计占14%)和裂解(占35%)。参与阿齐米利德裂解的酶尚未被鉴定。
The metabolic fate of azimilide in man is unusual as it undergoes a cleavage in vivo resulting in the formation of two classes of structurally distinct metabolites. One study has shown that a cleaved metabolite, 4-chloro-2-phenyl furoic acid was present at high concentration in plasma, while other plasma metabolites, azimilide N-oxide, and a cleaved hydantoin metabolite were present at lower concentrations than azimilide. In urine, the cleaved metabolites were the major metabolites, (> 35% of the dose) along with phenols (as conjugates, 7%-8%), azimilide N-oxide (4%-10%), a butanoic acid metabolite (2%-3%), and desmethyl azimilide (2%). A limited investigation of fecal metabolites indicated that azimilide (3%-5%), desmethyl azimilide (1%-3%), and the butanoic acid metabolite (< 1%) were present. Contributing pathways for metabolism of azimilide, identified through in vitro and in-vivo studies, were CYPs 1A1 (est. 28%), 3A4/5 (est. 20%), 2D6 (< 1%), FMO (est. 14%), and cleavage (35%). Enzyme(s) involved in the cleavage of azimilide were not identified.
来源:DrugBank