3-Alkoxyalkanoic esters are directly obtained in high yield from the reaction of acetals with Reformatsky reagents in the presence of titanium(IV) chloride or diethyl ether-boron trifluoride complex in dichloromethane. The reaction of ethyl 4-bromo-2-butenoate is regioselective, affording the product formed by attack on the 4-position. With chiral acetals as substrates, up to 84% enantiomerically enriched 3-hydroxyalkanoic esters can be prepared.
chiral precursor for the synthesis of the side chain pharmacophore of cholesterol-lowering drug atorvastatin. Herein, a robust carbonyl reductase (LbCR) was newly identified from Lactobacillus brevis, which displays high activity and excellent diastereoselectivity toward bulky t-butyl 6-cyano-(5R)-hydroxy-3-oxo-hexanoate (7). The engineered Escherichiacoli cells harboring LbCR and glucose dehydrogenase
叔丁基-6-氰基-(3 R,5 R)-二羟基己酸酯是一种先进的手性前体,用于合成降胆固醇药物阿托伐他汀的侧链药效团。在本文中,从短乳杆菌中新鉴定出一种强健的羰基还原酶(Lb CR),它对高密度的叔丁基6-氰基-(5 R)-羟基-3-氧代己酸叔丁酯具有很高的活性和非对映选择性(7)。具有Lb CR和葡萄糖脱氢酶(用于辅因子再生)的工程化大肠杆菌细胞被用作生物催化剂,用于不对称还原底物7。结果,多达300 g L –1的水不溶性底物以351 g L –1 d –1的时空产率被完全转化为相应的手性二元醇,de > 99.5%de,表明了巨大的潜力的Lb的CR对非常笨重和实际合成双向的畅销他汀类药物-手性3,5-二羟基羧酸侧链。
Asymmetric ketone reduction by a hyperthermophilic alcohol dehydrogenase. The substrate specificity, enantioselectivity and tolerance of organic solvents
作者:Dunming Zhu、Hiba T. Malik、Ling Hua
DOI:10.1016/j.tetasy.2006.10.042
日期:2006.11
asymmetric ketone reduction, the substrate specificity and enantioselectivity of an alcohol dehydrogenase from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus have been evaluated. This hyperthermophilic alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzes the reduction of various ketones including aryl ketones, α- and β-ketoesters. Interestingly, aryl ketones, phenyl-substituted α- and β-ketoesters were reduced to the
Stereospecific Reduction of Methyl o-Chlorobenzoylformate at 300 g⋅L−1 without Additional Cofactor using a Carbonyl Reductase Mined from Candida glabrata
for the preparation of methyl (R)‐o‐chloromandelate [(R)‐CMM], the key intermediate for clopidogrel, the homologous proteins of Gre2p were expressed in Escherichia coli, among which CgKR1 showed the most satisfactory activity and stereoselectivity towards methyl o‐chlorobenzoylformate (CBFM). Using the crude enzyme of CgKR1 and glucose dehydrogenase (GDH), as much as 300g⋅L−1 of CBFM was almost stoichiometrically
Highly enantioselective double reduction of phenylglyoxal to ( R )-1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol by one NADPH-dependent yeast carbonyl reductase with a broad substrate profile
作者:Zhe Li、Weidong Liu、Xi Chen、Shiru Jia、Qiaqiang Wu、Dunming Zhu、Yanhe Ma
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2013.02.085
日期:2013.4
Pichia pastoris GS115 were evaluated with a series of carbonyl compounds including aryl aldehydes, ketones, α- and β-ketoesters. This recombinant enzyme possessed a broad substrate profile with the ability of reducing both aldehydes and ketones. Especially, the enzyme catalyzed the double reduction of phenylglyoxal to (R)-1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol with 99% yield and 99% ee by coupling with d-glucose dehydrogenase