We report a Ti(OiPr)(4)/pyridine mediated Knoevenagel reaction between aromatic ketones and cyanoacetamides to provide Knoevenagel olefin products in good to excellent yields. Almost in all cases studied, a single geometrical isomer was formed and isolated under the Ti(OiPr)(4)/pyridine condensation conditions. This methodology was also demonstrated to be highly effective between some other Knoevenagel active methylene compounds and aromatic ketones. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Arylcyanoacrylamides as inhibitors of the Dengue and West Nile virus proteases
作者:Christoph Nitsche、Christian Steuer、Christian D. Klein
DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2011.10.061
日期:2011.12
The 3-aryl-2-cyanoacrylamide scaffold was designed as core pharmacophore for inhibitors of the Dengue and West Nile virus serine proteases (NS2B-NS3). A total of 86 analogs was prepared to study the structure-activity relationships in detail. Thereby, it turned out that the electron density of the aryl moiety and the central double bond have a crucial influence on the activity of the compounds, whereas the influence of substituents of the amide residue is less relevant. The para-hydroxy substituted analog was found to be the most potent inhibitor in this series with a K(i)-value of 35.7 mu M at the Dengue and 44.6 mu M at the West Nile virus protease. The aprotinin competition assay demonstrates a direct interaction of the inhibitor molecule with active centre of the Dengue virus protease. The target selectivity was studied in a counterscreen with thrombin and found to be 2.8:1 in favor of DEN protease and 2.3:1 in favor of WNV protease, respectively. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Homogeneous and Stereoselective Copper(II)-Catalyzed Monohydration of Methylenemalononitriles to 2-Cyanoacrylamides
A facile and efficient route for the homogeneous and highly stereoselective monohydration of substituted methylenemalononitriles to (E)-2-cyanoacrylamides catalyzed by copper(II) acetate monohydrate in acetic acid containing 2% water is described, and a mechanism is proposed. The protocol has proved to be suitable for the monohydration of dicyanobenzenes and 2-substituted malononitriles.
We report a Ti(OiPr)(4)/pyridine mediated Knoevenagel reaction between aromatic ketones and cyanoacetamides to provide Knoevenagel olefin products in good to excellent yields. Almost in all cases studied, a single geometrical isomer was formed and isolated under the Ti(OiPr)(4)/pyridine condensation conditions. This methodology was also demonstrated to be highly effective between some other Knoevenagel active methylene compounds and aromatic ketones. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.