Rhodium(II)-catalyzed aziridinations and CH insertions with [N-(p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl)imino]phenyliodinane
摘要:
The [Rh-2(OAc)(4)]-catalyzed decomposition of NsN=IPh {[N-(p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl)imino]phenyliodinane} in the presence of olefins affords aziridines in yields of up to 85%. The aziridination of cis-hex-2-ene and cis-beta- methylstyrene is stereospecific, but, cis-stilbene affords a 3:1 mixture of cis- and trans-aziridines in low yield. With chiral Rh(II) catalysts, optically active aziridines are formed having enantiomeric excesses of up to 73%. The NsN=IPh-[Rh-2(OAc)(4)] system is also efficient for the allylic amination of olefins and for insertion into CH bonds, activated by phenyl or oxygen substituents.
Catalytic Allylic C−H Acetoxylation and Benzoyloxylation via Suggested (η<sup>3</sup>-Allyl)palladium(IV) Intermediates
作者:Lukasz T. Pilarski、Nicklas Selander、Dietrich Böse、Kálmán J. Szabó
DOI:10.1021/ol9023369
日期:2009.12.3
Palladium-catalyzed allylic acetoxylations and benzoyloxylations were carried out using iodonium salts. The reactions proceed under mild conditions with high regio- and stereoselectivity. The catalysis can be performed under both acidic and nonacidic conditions without use of BQ or other external oxidants and activator ligands. Deuterium labeling experiments clearly show that the catalytic reaction
in formal insertions into CHbonds, activated by phenyl or vinyl groups, or by O-substituents. Scope and limitations of the reaction were investigated. Yields of up to 84% were achieved in the most favorable cases. Yields were enhanced by electron-releasing substituents and decreased by steric hindrance. Aziridination competed with allylic insertion with olefinic substrates. The insertion reaction proceeded
Differences in Mechanism and Rate of Zeolite-Catalyzed Cyclohexanol Dehydration in Apolar and Aqueous Phase
作者:Feng Chen、Manish Shetty、Meng Wang、Hui Shi、Yuanshuai Liu、Donald M. Camaioni、Oliver Y. Gutiérrez、Johannes A. Lercher
DOI:10.1021/acscatal.0c05674
日期:2021.3.5
The rate of acid–base-catalyzed dehydration of alcohols strongly depends on the solvent and the environment of the acid sites. We find that Brønsted acidic sites in large-pore zeolites, but not in medium-pore zeolites, catalyze cyclohexanol dehydration in decalin at significantly higher rates than hydrated hydronium ions in aqueous phase. Specifically, the difference in turnover rates between the two
酸碱催化的醇类脱水速率在很大程度上取决于溶剂和酸性部位的环境。我们发现大孔沸石中的布朗斯台德酸性位点,而不是中孔沸石中的布朗斯台德酸位点,催化萘烷中环己醇的脱水速率明显高于水相中水合氢离子。具体来说,两种溶剂之间的周转率差异在H-BEA和H-FAU上达2-3个数量级,而对于H-MFI则非常小(在2倍之内)。结合动力学,同位素示踪剂和21 H NMR测量表明,环己醇的脱水通常遵循十氢化萘中的E 1消除途径。一个显着的例外是H-MFI上的单体脱水路线,该路线表现出低得多的活化能和基本上为负的活化熵,这似乎与E2型机理有关。C–O键断裂在十氢化萘中显示出主要的速率控制程度,这与去质子化(CH裂解)在水相脱水中的速率限制相反。
Functionalization of Unactivated Alkenes through Iridium-Catalyzed Borylation of Carbon−Hydrogen Bonds. Mechanism and Synthetic Applications
作者:Vilhelm J. Olsson、Kálmán J. Szabó
DOI:10.1021/jo9014694
日期:2009.10.16
methylimidazole and DBU, the iridium-catalyzed borylation led to formation of allyl boronates, which reacted with aldehydes in a one-pot sequence affording stereodefined homoallylic alcohols. Cycloalkenes without additives as well as acyclic substrates gave vinylic boronates, which were coupled with organohalides in a Suzuki−Miyaura sequence. By this process allylic and vinylic silabutadiene derivatives