不对称膦化合物的研究及其应用极大地丰富了有机磷化学领域。含磷的抗氧剂、稳定剂,以及作为稀有元素的萃取剂和络合剂,在化工行业中得到广泛应用。生物体内的有机膦化合物不仅是重要的能源来源,也是合成DNA和RNA主链的重要组成部分。
在各个领域中,有机膦化合物的应用非常广泛。它们被用于核酸、辅酶、有机磷神经毒气、杀虫剂、杀菌剂、除草剂、化学治疗剂、增塑剂、抗氧化剂、表面活性剂、络合剂、萃取剂、浮选剂和阻燃剂等。
从化学结构上看,有机膦化合物大致可以分为以下几类:
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 氧化膦,二丁基苯基- | dibutyl phenyl phosphate | 10557-66-1 | C14H23OP |
| 氧化二乙基膦 | Diethylphosphine oxide | 7215-33-0 | C4H10OP+ |
| 氘代3-氨基-5-吗啉-4-甲基-恶唑-2-啉酮 | Tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphane | 15573-38-3 | C9H27PSi3 |
| 正十四烷基三苯基溴化膦 | (n-tetradecyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide | 25791-20-2 | Br*C32H44P |
| 正丁基膦酰二氯 | butylphosphonic dichloride | 2302-80-9 | C4H9Cl2OP |
| 正丁基二(1-金刚烷基)膦 | catacxium A | 321921-71-5 | C24H39P |
| 柯里膦 | coriophosphine O | 5409-37-0 | C16H17N3*ClH |
| 杀木膦 | fosamine | 59682-52-9 | C3H8NO4P |
| 替诺福韦 | pinacolyl methylphosphonic acid | 616-52-4 | C7H17O3P |
| 异丙烯-2,3-二羟-1,4-双二丙基膦丁烷 | (S,S)-2,3-O-isopropylidene-2,3-dihydroxy-1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane | 37002-48-5 | C31H32O2P2 |
| 异丙基联苯膦 | isopropyldiphenylphosphine | 6372-40-3 | C15H17P |
| 异丁基三苯基溴化膦 | isobutyltriphenylphosphonium bromide | 22884-29-3 | Br*C22H24P |
| 己二胺四甲叉膦酸六钾盐 | Hexapotassium;hydroxy-[[6-[[hydroxy(oxido)phosphoryl]methyl-(phosphonatomethyl)amino]hexyl-(phosphonatomethyl)amino]methyl]phosphinate | 38820-59-6 | C10H22K6N2O12P4 |
| 己二胺四甲叉膦酸 | hexamethylenediamine-N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(methylphosphonic acid) | 23605-74-5 | C10H28N2O12P4 |
| 己二胺四亚甲基膦酸钾盐 | 53473-28-2 | C7H18K6N2O12P4 | |
| 己二烯 N,N-二异丙基亚磷酰胺 | diallyl diisopropylphosphoramidite | 126429-21-8 | C12H24NO2P |
| 对茴香基二苯基膦 | p-anisyldiphenylphosphine | 896-89-9 | C20H19OP |
| 对茴香基二苯基膦 | (2-methoxyphenyl)diphenylphosphine | 53111-20-9 | C19H17OP |
| 对甲苯磺酰氧甲基膦酸二乙酯 | diethyl (p-toluenesulfonyloxymethane)phosphonate | 31618-90-3 | C12H19O6PS |
| 对氯苯基二苯基氧化膦 | (4-chlorophenyl)diphenylphosphine oxide | 34303-18-9 | C18H14ClOP |
| 对二甲苯基双二苯基次膦氧化物 | p-Xylylen-bis-diphenylphosphinoxid | 38661-56-2 | C32H28O2P2 |
| 对二亚甲苯双(溴化三苯基膦) | (1,4-Phenylenebis(methylene))bis(triphenylphosphonium) bromide | 40817-03-6 | C44H38Br2P2 |
| 对二亚甲苯双(氯化三苯基膦) | p-Xylylenebis(triphenylphosphonium chloride) | 1519-47-7 | C44H38Cl2P2 |
| 奥帕膦酸钠 | olpadronate | 63132-39-8 | C5H15NO7P2 |
| 奈立膦酸 | neridronate | 79778-41-9 | C6H17NO7P2 |
| 四辛基溴化膦 | tetra-n-octylphosphonium bromide | 23906-97-0 | Br*C32H68P |
| 四苯基膦苯酚盐 | tetraphenylphosphine phenolate | 15464-47-8 | C6H5O*C24H20P |
| 四苯基碘化膦 | tetraphenylphosphonium iodide | 2065-67-0 | C24H20P*I |
| 四苯基硼化三叔丁基膦 | tri-t-butylphosphonium tetraphenylborate complex | 131322-08-2 | C12H27P*C24H20B*H |
| 四苯基溴化膦 | tetraphenylphosphonium bromide | 2751-90-8 | Br*C24H20P |
| 四苯基氨化膦 | N-phenyliminophosphorane | 2325-27-1 | C24H20NP |
| 四苯基二膦 | Tetraphenyldiphosphin | 1101-41-3 | C24H20P2 |
| 四甲基二膦烷二硫化物 | tetramethyl-diphosphine disulphide | 3676-97-9 | C4H12P2S2 |
| 四氟硼酸三正丁基磷 | [HPBu3]BF4 | 113978-91-9 | BF4*C12H28P |
| 四氟硼酸三异丙基膦 | triisopropylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate | 121099-07-8 | BF4*C9H21P*H |
| 四氟硼酸三叔丁基膦 | Tris(tert-butyl)phosphonium tetrafluoroborate | 131274-22-1 | C12H28BF4P |
| 四正丁基碘化膦 | tetra-n-butylphosphonium iodide | 3115-66-0 | C16H36P*I |
| 四正丁基溴化膦 | tetrabutyl phosphonium bromide | 3115-68-2 | Br*C16H36P |
| 四对甲苯基硼化四苯基膦 | Tetraphenylphosphonium Tetra-p-tolylborate | 181259-35-8 | C52H48BP |
| 四乙基焦亚磷酸盐 | diphosphorous acid tetraethyl ester | 21646-99-1 | C8H20O5P2 |
| 四丁基膦四氟硼酸盐 | tetra-n-butylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate | 1813-60-1 | BF4*C16H36P |
| 四丁基氯化膦 | tetra-n-butylphosphonium chloride | 2304-30-5 | C16H36P*Cl |
| 四(三苯基膦)铂 | tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)platinum | 14221-02-4 | C72H60P4Pt |
| 唑来膦酸 | Zoledronic acid trihydrate | 904894-54-8 | C5H16N2O10P2 |
| 唑来膦酸 | 1-hydroxy-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonic acid | 118072-93-8 | C5H10N2O7P2 |
| 咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-乙酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)acetate | 101820-69-3 | C11H12N2O2 |
| 咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-3-乙酸 | 2-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)acetic acid | 17745-04-9 | C9H8N2O2 |
| 叔丁基苯基膦 | t-butylphenylphosphine | 6002-31-9 | C10H15P |
| 叔丁基磷酸 | t-butyl phosphonic acid | 4923-84-6 | C4H11O3P |
| 叔丁基四异丙基磷酸二阿米迪特 | tert-butyl tetraisopropylphosphorodiamidite | 137348-88-0 | C16H37N2OP |