Green syntheses of new 2-C-methyl aldohexoses and 5-C-methyl ketohexoses: d-tagatose-3-epimerase (DTE)—a promiscuous enzyme
摘要:
The Kiliani synthesis oil the 4 readily accessible ketohexoses (D-fructose, D-tagatose, L-sorbose, D-psicose) allows access to 4 diastereomeric 2-C-methyl-aldohexoses (2-C-methyl-D-mannose, 2-C-methyl-D-talose, 2-C-methyl-L-gulose, 2-C-methyl-D-allose) and 4 diastereomeric 2-C-methyl-alditols (2-C-methyl-mannitol, 2-C-methyl-D-talitol, 2-C-methyl-L-gulitol, 2-C-methyl-D-allitol). Microbial oxidation of 2-C-methyl-D-mannitol and 2-C-metllyl-L-gulitol gave 5-C-methyl-D-fructose; Microbial oxidation of 2-C-methyl-D-talitol afforded 5-C-methyl-D-psicose, whereas 2-C-methyl-D-allitol formed 5-C-methyl-Lpsicose. Both enantiomers of 5-C-methyl-fructose were equilibrated by D-tagatose-3-epimerase (DTE) with both enantiomers of 5-C-methyl-psicose. These transformations demonstrate that polyol dehydrogenases and DTE act on branched synthetic sugars. Full NMR analyses show that 5-C-methyl-D-fructose is present as the P-pyranose and P-furanose forms in a ratio of 90:10; all pyranose and furanose forms of 5-C-methyl-D-psicose are present in solution. The combination of chemical and biological procedures allows the environmentally friendly generation of a new family of branched monosaccharides. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Doubly carbon-branched pentoses: synthesis of both enantiomers of 2,4-di-C-methyl arabinose and 2-deoxy-2,4-di-C-methyl arabinose using only acetonide protection
摘要:
An acetonide is the only protecting group used in the synthesis of both the enantiomers of 2,4-di-C-methyl arabinose and 2-deoxy-2,4-di-C-methyl arabinose via the enantiomeric 3-C-methyl-L-erythronolactone [from 2-C-methyl-D-ribono-lactone or D-ribose] and 3-C-methyl-D-erythronolactone [from D-tagatose Or L-ribose]. NMR studies on unprotected C-methyl arabinoses show that methyl branching significantly affects the ratios of pyranose and furanose forms present in aqueous Solution. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.