| 1355629-98-9

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物
• CAS: 1355629-98-9
• 化学式: C₂₄H₃₈Br₂O₅Si
• 分子量: 594.456
• InChiKey: QWFNLZJUZMCDRS-YLKNPEJASA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  6.22
• 重原子数：
  32.0
• 可旋转键数：
  3.0
• 环数：
  4.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.83
• 拓扑面积：
  46.15
• 氢给体数：
  0.0
• 氢受体数：
  5.0

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  在 四(三苯基膦)钯 、 三正丁基氢锡 、 氟化氢吡啶 、 copper(l) chloride 、 lithium chloride 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 二甲基亚砜 、 苯 为溶剂， 反应 49.0h， 生成
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Design and Synthesis of Skeletal Analogues of Gambierol: Attenuation of Amyloid-β and Tau Pathology with Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel and N-Methyl-d-aspartate Receptor Implications

  摘要：

  Gambierol is a potent neurotoxin that belongs to the family of marine polycyclic ether natural products and primarily targets voltage-gated potassium channels (K-v channels) in excitable membranes. Previous work in the chemistry of marine polycyclic ethers has suggested the critical importance of the full length of polycyclic ether skeleton for potent biological activity. Although we have previously investigated structure-activity relationships (SARs) of the peripheral functionalities of gambierol, it remained unclear whether the whole polycyclic ether skeleton is needed for its cellular activity. In this work, we designed and synthesized two truncated skeletal analogues of gambierol comprising the EFGH- and BCDEFGH-rings of the parent compound, both of which surprisingly showed similar potency to gambierol on voltage gated potassium channels (K-v) inhibition. Moreover, we examined the effect of these compounds in an in vitro model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) obtained from triple transgenic (3xTg-AD) mice, which expresses amyloid beta (A beta) accumulation and tau hyperphosphorylation. In vitro preincubation of the cells with the compounds resulted in significant inhibition of K+ currents, a reduction in the extra- and intracellular levels of A beta, and a decrease in the levels of hyperphosphorylated tau. In addition, pretreatment with these compounds reduced the steady-state level of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit 2A without affecting the 2B subunit. The involvement of glutamate receptors was further suggested by the blockage of the effect of gambierol on tau hyperphosphorylation by glutamate receptor antagonists. The present study constitutes the first discovery of skeletally simplified, designed polycyclic ethers with potent cellular activity and demonstrates the utility of gambierol and its synthetic analogues as chemical probes for understanding the function of K-v channels as well as the molecular mechanism of A beta metabolism modulated by NMDA receptors.

  DOI：

  10.1021/ja300565t
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  在 2,6-二甲基吡啶 、 三氧化硫吡啶 、 三乙胺 、 三苯基膦 作用下， 以 二氯甲烷 、 二甲基亚砜 为溶剂， 反应 5.25h， 生成
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Design and Synthesis of Skeletal Analogues of Gambierol: Attenuation of Amyloid-β and Tau Pathology with Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel and N-Methyl-d-aspartate Receptor Implications

  摘要：

  Gambierol is a potent neurotoxin that belongs to the family of marine polycyclic ether natural products and primarily targets voltage-gated potassium channels (K-v channels) in excitable membranes. Previous work in the chemistry of marine polycyclic ethers has suggested the critical importance of the full length of polycyclic ether skeleton for potent biological activity. Although we have previously investigated structure-activity relationships (SARs) of the peripheral functionalities of gambierol, it remained unclear whether the whole polycyclic ether skeleton is needed for its cellular activity. In this work, we designed and synthesized two truncated skeletal analogues of gambierol comprising the EFGH- and BCDEFGH-rings of the parent compound, both of which surprisingly showed similar potency to gambierol on voltage gated potassium channels (K-v) inhibition. Moreover, we examined the effect of these compounds in an in vitro model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) obtained from triple transgenic (3xTg-AD) mice, which expresses amyloid beta (A beta) accumulation and tau hyperphosphorylation. In vitro preincubation of the cells with the compounds resulted in significant inhibition of K+ currents, a reduction in the extra- and intracellular levels of A beta, and a decrease in the levels of hyperphosphorylated tau. In addition, pretreatment with these compounds reduced the steady-state level of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit 2A without affecting the 2B subunit. The involvement of glutamate receptors was further suggested by the blockage of the effect of gambierol on tau hyperphosphorylation by glutamate receptor antagonists. The present study constitutes the first discovery of skeletally simplified, designed polycyclic ethers with potent cellular activity and demonstrates the utility of gambierol and its synthetic analogues as chemical probes for understanding the function of K-v channels as well as the molecular mechanism of A beta metabolism modulated by NMDA receptors.

  DOI：

  10.1021/ja300565t

文献信息

• Tetracyclic Truncated Analogue of the Marine Toxin Gambierol Modifies NMDA, Tau, and Amyloid β Expression in Mice Brains: Implications in AD Pathology
  作者：Eva Alonso、Andrés C. Vieira、Inés Rodriguez、Rebeca Alvariño、Sandra Gegunde、Haruhiko Fuwa、Yuto Suga、Makoto Sasaki、Amparo Alfonso、José Manuel Cifuentes、Luis M. Botana

  DOI：10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00012

  日期：2017.6.21

  Gambierol and its two, tetra- and heptacyclic, analogues have been previously proved as promising molecules for the modulation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) hallmarks in primary cortical neurons of 3xTg-AD fetuses. In this work, the effect of the tetracyclic analogue of gambierol was tested in vivo in 3xTg-AD mice (10 months old) after 1 month of weekly treatment with 50 mu g/kg. Adverse effects were not reported throughout the whole treatment period and no pathological signs were observed for the analyzed organs. The compound was found in brain samples after intraperitoneal injection. The tetracyclic analogue of gambierol elicited a decrease of amyloid beta(1-42) levels and a dose-dependent inhibition of beta-secretase enzyme-1 activity. Moreover, this compound also reduced the phosphorylation of tau at the 181 and 159/163 residues with an increase of the inactive isoform of the glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta. In accordance with our in vitro neuronal model, this compound produced a reduction in the N2A subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. The combined effect of this compound on amyloid beta(1-42) and tau phosphorylation represents a multitarget therapeutic approach for AD which might be more effective for this multifactorial and complex neurodegenerative disease than the current treatments.