Naamines, naamidines and various derivatives of these marine natural products were synthesized and characterized by means of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The activities of these alkaloids against a plant virus and phytopathogenic fungi were evaluated for the first time. A benzyloxy naamine derivative 15d displayed excellent in vivo activity against tobacco mosaic virus at 500 μg/mL (inactivation activity, 46%; curative activity, 49%; and protective activity, 41%); its activities were higher than the corresponding activities of the commercial plant virucide ribavirin (32%, 35%, and 34%, respectively), making it a promising new lead compound for antiviral research. In vitro assays revealed that the test compounds exhibited very good antifungal activity against 14 kinds of phytopathogenic fungi. Again, the benzyloxy naamine derivative 15d exhibited broad-spectrum fungicidal activity, emerging as a new lead compound for fungicidal research. Additional in vivo assays indicated that many of the compounds displayed inhibitory effects >30%.
Naamines、naamidines和这些海洋天然产物的各种衍生物通过核磁共振(NMR)光谱和质谱进行合成和表征。这些生物碱对植物病毒和植物病原真菌的活性首次得到评估。苄氧基naamine衍生物15d在500 μg/mL时对烟草花叶病毒显示出优异的体内活性(灭活活性46%;治疗活性49%;保护活性41%);其活性高于商业植物病毒灭活剂利巴韦林对应的活性(分别为32%、35%和34%),使其成为抗病毒研究的有前途的新领先化合物。体外实验显示,这些化合物对14种植物病原真菌表现出非常好的抗真菌活性。同样,苄氧基naamine衍生物15d展示出广谱杀真菌活性,成为真菌杀菌研究的新领先化合物。额外的体内实验表明,许多化合物显示了超过30%的抑制效果。