<i>cis</i>-Specific Hydrofluorination of Alkenylarenes under Palladium Catalysis through an Ionic Pathway
作者:Enrico Emer、Lukas Pfeifer、John M. Brown、Véronique Gouverneur
DOI:10.1002/anie.201310056
日期:2014.4.14
paper describes the hydrofluorination of alkenes through sequential H− and F+ addition underpalladiumcatalysis. The reaction is cis specific, thus providing access to benzylic fluorides. The mechanism of this reaction involves an ionicpathway and is distinct from known hydrofluorinations involving radical intermediates. The first catalytic enantioselective hydrofluorination is also disclosed.
FLUOROISOQUINOLINE SUBSTITUTED THIAZOLE COMPOUNDS AND METHODS OF USE
申请人:Zeng Qingping
公开号:US20110263647A1
公开(公告)日:2011-10-27
The invention relates to thiazole compounds of Formula I and compositions thereof useful for treating diseases mediated by protein kinase B (PKB) where the variables have the definitions provided herein.
The invention also relates to the therapeutic use of such thiazole compounds and compositions thereof in treating disease states associated with abnormal cell growth, cancer, inflammation, and metabolic disorders.
Herein, we report an electrocatalytic hydrofluorination of aryl-substituted alkenes with a nucleophilic fluorine source. The merger of palladium catalysis with electrooxidation enables the transformation of various substrates ranging from styrenes to more challenging α,β-unsaturated carbonyl derivatives to the corresponding benzylic fluorides. This method can also be applied to the late-stage modification
Co-Catalyzed Hydrofluorination of Alkenes: Photocatalytic Method Development and Electroanalytical Mechanistic Investigation
作者:Jinjian Liu、Jian Rong、Devin P. Wood、Yi Wang、Steven H. Liang、Song Lin
DOI:10.1021/jacs.3c10989
日期:2024.2.21
represents an attractive strategy for the synthesis of aliphatic fluorides. This approach provides a direct means to form C(sp3)–F bonds selectively from readily available alkenes. Nonetheless, conducting hydrofluorination using nucleophilic fluorine sources poses significant challenges due to the low acidity and high toxicity associated with HF and the poor nucleophilicity of fluoride. In this study
烯烃的氢氟化代表了脂肪族氟化物合成的一种有吸引力的策略。这种方法提供了一种直接方法,可以从容易获得的烯烃中选择性地形成 C(sp 3 )–F 键。尽管如此,由于氟化物的低酸性和高毒性以及氟化物的差亲核性,使用亲核氟源进行氢氟化提出了重大挑战。在这项研究中,我们提出了一种新的 Co(salen) 催化简单烯烃的氢氟化反应,利用 Et 3 N·3HF 作为氢和氟的唯一来源。该过程通过光氧化还原介导的极性-自由基-极性交叉机制进行。我们还通过有效地将各种具有不同取代度的简单和活化烯烃转化为氢氟化产品,证明了该方法的多功能性。此外,我们成功地将这种方法应用于18 F-氢氟化反应,从而能够将18 F 引入潜在的放射性药物中。我们使用旋转盘电极伏安法和 DFT 计算进行的机理研究揭示了碳阳离子和 Co IV烷基物种作为氟化步骤中可行的中间体的参与,并且每个途径的贡献取决于起始烯烃的结构。
Herein, we present a decarboxylative nucleophilic fluorination of carboxylicacids with a silver catalyst. This strategy enables the synthesis of a myriad of diverse and valuable fluorinated motifs under mild conditions, demonstrating good functional-group tolerance and utility in late-stage functionalization. In contrast to traditional electrophilic fluorination, this nucleophilic method utilizes