Development of Fluorine-18 Labeled Metabolically Activated Tracers for Imaging of Drug Efflux Transporters with Positron Emission Tomography
摘要:
Increased activity of efflux transporters, e.g., P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), at the blood brain barrier is a pathological hallmark of many neurological diseases, and the resulting multiple drug resistance represents a major clinical challenge. Noninvasive imaging of transporter activity can help to clarify the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance and facilitate diagnosis, patient stratification, and treatment monitoring. We have developed a metabolically activated radiotracer for functional imaging of P-gp/BCRP activity with positron emission tomography (PET). In preclinical studies, the tracer showed excellent initial brain uptake and clean conversion to the desired metabolite, although at a sluggish rate. Blocking with P-gp/BCRP modulators led to increased levels of brain radioactivity; however, dynamic PET did not show differential clearance rates between treatment and control groups. Our results provide proof-of-concept for development of prodrug tracers for imaging of P- /BCRP function in vivo but also highlight some challenges associated with this strategy.
N-Fluoropyridinium salts provide a new system of fluorinatingagents by which a wide range of nucleophilic substrates differing in reactivity can be fluorinated due to the varying degree of fluorinating power and also fluorinated very selectively through structural alteration. The scope of selective fluorination should be broadened considerably on the basis of the present results. The N-fluoropyridinium
[EN] IRAK4 INHIBITING AGENTS<br/>[FR] AGENTS D'INHIBITION DE L'IRAK 4
申请人:BIOGEN MA INC
公开号:WO2016011390A8
公开(公告)日:2016-04-07
Selective, Electrophilic Fluorinations Using N-Fluoro-o-benzenedisulfonimide
作者:Franklin A. Davis、Wei Han、Christopher K. Murphy
DOI:10.1021/jo00120a014
日期:1995.7
The synthesis of N-fluoro-o-benzenedisulfonimide (NFOBS, 2) and its use as an ''electrophilic'' fluorinating reagent with nucleophilic substrates is described and compared with that of N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide (NFSi, 3). NFOBS (2) is prepared in three steps in 81% overall yield from commercially available o-benzenedisulfonic acid (4) and involves treatment of o-benzenedisulfonimide (6) with dilute fluorine (10% F-2/N-2). Reaction of 2 with metal enolates, silyl enol ethers, and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds affords the corresponding alpha-fluoro compounds in yields up to 95%, with good control of mono- and difluorination. Fluorination of ortho-metalated aromatic compounds was achieved in modest to good yields (10-80%). While the reactivities of 2 and 3 are similar, better yields were observed with the former reagent in the fluorination of metal enolates, Grignard and lithium reagents, while 3 gave better results with the ortho-lithiated aromatic substrates. The available evidence suggests an S(N)2-type mechanism for the fluorination of nucleophilic substrates by these reagents.
Preparation of .alpha.-fluorocarboxylic acids and derivatives
作者:Suzanne T. Purrington、Daniel L. Woodard
DOI:10.1021/jo00297a090
日期:1990.5
Syntheses of fluorinated ligands to probe binding of antigenic determinants of Vibrio cholerae O:1, serotypes Inaba and Ogawa, to antibodies
作者:Alex H.C. Chang、Derek Horton、Pavol Kováč
DOI:10.1016/s0957-4166(99)00505-4
日期:2000.2
Derivatives of methyl alpha-glycosides of antigenic determinants of Vibrio cholerae O:1, serotypes Inaba and Ogawa, specifically Fluorinated at position 2' or 4' have been synthesized by coupling the appropriately fluorinated derivatives of 3-deoxy-L-glycero-tetronic acid with the methyl oc-glycosides of perosamine. The compound having the fluorine atom at position 2 was obtained by electrophilic addition of fluorine to the glycal derived from the parent antigenic determinant, serotypes Inaba, using Selectfluor(TM) as a fluorination reagent. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.