作者:Vital A. Yazerski、Peter Spannring、David Gatineau、Charlotte H. M. Woerde、Sara M. Wieclawska、Martin Lutz、Henk Kleijn、Robertus J. M. Klein Gebbink
DOI:10.1039/c3ob42249f
日期:——
The limited availability of catalytic reaction components may represent a major hurdle for the practical application of many catalytic procedures in organic synthesis. In this work, we demonstrate that the mixture of isomeric iron complexes [Fe(OTf)2(mix-BPBP)] (mix-1), composed of Î-α-[Fe(OTf)2(S,S-BPBP)] (S,S-1), Î-α-[Fe(OTf)2(R,R-BPBP)] (R,R-1) and Î/Î-β-[Fe(OTf)2(R,S-BPBP)] (R,S-1), is a practical catalyst for the preparative oxidation of various aliphatic compounds including model hydrocarbons and optically pure natural products using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. Among the species present in mix-1, S,S-1 and R,R-1 are catalytically active, act independently and represent ca. 75% of mix-1. The remaining 25% of mix-1 is represented by mesomeric R,S-1 which nominally plays a spectator role in both CâH and CC bond oxidation reactions. Overall, this mixture of iron complexes displays the same catalytic profile as its enantiopure components that have been previously used separately in sp3 CâH oxidations. In contrast to them, mix-1 is readily available on a multi-gram scale via two high yielding steps from crude DL/meso-2,2â²-bipyrrolidine. Next to its use in CâH oxidation, mix-1 is active in chemospecific epoxidation reactions, which has allowed us to develop a practical catalytic protocol for the synthesis of epoxides.
催化反应组分的有限可用性可能成为许多催化过程在有机合成中实际应用的主要障碍。本工作中,我们证明了由异构铁配合物[Fe(OTf)2(mix-BPBP)] (mix-1)组成的混合物,包括λ-α-[Fe(OTf)2(S,S-BPBP)] (S,S-1)、Δ-α-[Fe(OTf)2(R,R-BPBP)] (R,R-1)和Δ/λ-β-[Fe(OTf)2(R,S-BPBP)] (R,S-1),是使用过氧化氢作为氧化剂对包括模型烃和光学纯天然产物在内的各种脂肪族化合物进行制备氧化的实用催化剂。在mix-1中存在的物种中,S,S-1和R,R-1是催化活性的,独立作用,约占mix-1的75%。剩余的25%由介观R,S-1代表,名义上在C–H和CC键氧化反应中起旁观者作用。总体而言,这种铁配合物混合物显示出与其先前分别用于sp3 C–H氧化的纯对映体组分相同的催化特征。与它们不同的是,mix-1可通过从粗DL/中二吡咯烷的两个高产率步骤大量制备。除了用于C–H氧化外,mix-1在化学选择性环氧化反应中也表现出活性,这使我们能够开发出一种用于环氧化合物合成的实用催化方案。