Structural Features of Azidopyridinyl Neonicotinoid Probes Conferring High Affinity and Selectivity for Mammalian α4β2 and <i>Drosophila</i> Nicotinic Receptors
作者:Nanjing Zhang、Motohiro Tomizawa、John E. Casida
DOI:10.1021/jm010508s
日期:2002.6.1
toxicity of neonicotinoid insecticides such as N-(6-chloropyridin-3-ylmethyl)-2-nitroiminoimidazolidine (imidacloprid) to insects than mammals is due in large part to target site specificity at the corresponding nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). We propose that neonicotinoids with a protonated N-unsubstituted imine or equivalent substituent recognize the anionic subsite of the mammalian alpha4beta2
新烟碱类杀虫剂(如N-(6-氯吡啶-3--3-甲基)-2-硝基亚氨基咪唑烷(吡虫啉))对昆虫的毒性要比哺乳动物高,这在很大程度上是由于在相应的烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体(nAChRs)具有靶位点特异性。我们建议具有质子化的N-未取代的亚胺或同等取代基的新烟碱能识别哺乳动物alpha4beta2 nAChR的阴离子亚位,而新烟碱杀虫剂的带负电(delta(-))尖端则与昆虫nAChR的假定阳离子亚位相互作用。可以通过使用两个仅在N-未取代的亚胺与带负电的(delta(-))尖端不同的光亲和探针来检验此假设。为结合三个部分的化合物开发了合成方法:吡啶-3-基甲基或6-氯吡啶-3-基甲基及其4-和5-叠氮基类似物;咪唑烷,4-咪唑啉或4-噻唑啉; N-未取代的亚胺,硝基亚胺,氰胺或硝基亚甲基。结构活性研究比较了哺乳动物alpha4beta2 nAChR中的[(3)H]烟碱结合和果蝇nAChR中的[(3)