7-Methoxytacrine-Adamantylamine Heterodimers as Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment — Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Modeling Studies
作者:Katarina Spilovska、Jan Korabecny、Jan Kral、Anna Horova、Kamil Musilek、Ondrej Soukup、Lucie Drtinova、Zuzana Gazova、Katarina Siposova、Kamil Kuca
DOI:10.3390/molecules18022397
日期:——
A structural series of 7-MEOTA-adamantylamine thioureas was designed, synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) and human butyrylcholinesterase (hBChE). The compounds were prepared based on the multi-target-directed ligand strategy with different linker lengths (n = 2–8) joining the well-known NMDA antagonist adamantine and the hAChE inhibitor 7-methoxytacrine (7-MEOTA). Based on in silico studies, these inhibitors proved dual binding site character capable of simultaneous interaction with the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of hAChE and the catalytic active site (CAS). Clearly, these structural derivatives exhibited very good inhibitory activity towards hBChE resulting in more selective inhibitors of this enzyme. The most potent cholinesterase inhibitor was found to be thiourea analogue 14 (with an IC50 value of 0.47 µM for hAChE and an IC50 value of 0.11 µM for hBChE, respectively). Molecule 14 is a suitable novel lead compound for further evaluation proving that the strategy of dual binding site inhibitors might be a promising direction for development of novel AD drugs.
作为人乙酰胆碱酯酶(hAChE)和人丁酰胆碱酯酶(hBChE)的抑制剂,我们设计、合成并评估了一系列 7-MEOTA- 金刚烷胺硫脲类化合物。这些化合物是根据多靶点定向配体策略制备的,其中著名的 NMDA 拮抗剂金刚烷和 hAChE 抑制剂 7-甲氧基他克林(7-MEOTA)连接了不同长度(n = 2-8 )的连接体。根据硅学研究,这些抑制剂具有双重结合位点特性,能够同时与 hAChE 的外周阴离子位点(PAS)和催化活性位点(CAS)相互作用。显然,这些结构衍生物对 hBChE 具有很好的抑制活性,从而产生了更具选择性的该酶抑制剂。最有效的胆碱酯酶抑制剂是硫脲类似物 14(对 hAChE 的 IC50 值为 0.47 µM,对 hBChE 的 IC50 值为 0.11 µM)。分子 14 是一个适合进一步评估的新型先导化合物,证明了双结合位点抑制剂的策略可能是开发新型抗抑郁药物的一个有前途的方向。