Candidate Selection and Preclinical Evaluation of N-tert-Butyl Isoquine (GSK369796), An Affordable and Effective 4-Aminoquinoline Antimalarial for the 21st Century
摘要:
N-tert-Butyl isoquine (4) (GSK369796) is a 4-aminoquinoline drug candidate selected and developed as part of a public-private partnership between academics at Liverpool, MMV, and GSK pharmaceuticals. This molecule was rationally designed based on chemical, toxicological, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic considerations and was selected based on excellent activity against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and rodent malaria parasites in vivo. The optimized chemistry delivered this novel synthetic quinoline in a two-step procedure from cheap and readily available starting materials. The molecule has a full industry standard preclinical development program allowing first into humans to proceed. Employing chloroquine (1) and amodiaquine (2) as comparator molecules in the preclinical plan, the first preclinical dossier of pharmacokinetic, toxicity, and safety pharmacology has also been established for the 4-aminoquinoline antimalarial class. These studies have revealed preclinical liabilities that have never translated into the human experience. This has resulted in the availability of critical information to other drug development teams interested in developing antimalarials within this class.
In this study, a series of twenty-five ring-substituted 4-arylamino-7-chloroquinolinium chlorides were prepared and characterized. The compounds were tested for their activity related to inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport (PET) in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) chloroplasts and also primary in vitro screening of the synthesized compounds was performed against mycobacterial species. 4-
在本研究中,制备并表征了一系列二十五个环取代的 4-芳基氨基-7-氯喹啉氯化物。测试了这些化合物与抑制菠菜 (Spinacia oleracea L.) 叶绿体中光合电子传递 (PET) 相关的活性,并且还针对分枝杆菌物种对合成的化合物进行了初步体外筛选。4-[(2-Bromophenyl)amino]-7-chloroquinolinium chloride 对 M. marinum、M. kansasii、M. smegmatis 和 7-chloro-4-[(2-methylphenyl)amino]quinolinium chloride 显示出高生物活性对耻垢分枝杆菌和鸟分枝杆菌亚种的生物活性。副结核病。最有效的化合物表现出相当低的毒性(LD₅₀ > 20 μmol/L) 在初步体外细胞毒性筛选中针对人单核细胞白血病 THP-1 细胞系。发现测试的化合物在光系统 II 中抑制 P
Candidate Selection and Preclinical Evaluation of <i>N</i>-<i>tert</i>-Butyl Isoquine (GSK369796), An Affordable and Effective 4-Aminoquinoline Antimalarial for the 21st Century
作者:Paul M. O’Neill、B. Kevin Park、Alison E. Shone、James L. Maggs、Phillip Roberts、Paul A. Stocks、Giancarlo A. Biagini、Patrick G. Bray、Peter Gibbons、Neil Berry、Peter A. Winstanley、Amira Mukhtar、Richard Bonar-Law、Stephen Hindley、Ramesh B. Bambal、Charles B. Davis、Martin Bates、Timothy K. Hart、Stephanie L. Gresham、Ron M. Lawrence、Richard A. Brigandi、Federico M. Gomez-delas-Heras、Domingo V. Gargallo、Stephen A. Ward
DOI:10.1021/jm8012618
日期:2009.3.12
N-tert-Butyl isoquine (4) (GSK369796) is a 4-aminoquinoline drug candidate selected and developed as part of a public-private partnership between academics at Liverpool, MMV, and GSK pharmaceuticals. This molecule was rationally designed based on chemical, toxicological, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic considerations and was selected based on excellent activity against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and rodent malaria parasites in vivo. The optimized chemistry delivered this novel synthetic quinoline in a two-step procedure from cheap and readily available starting materials. The molecule has a full industry standard preclinical development program allowing first into humans to proceed. Employing chloroquine (1) and amodiaquine (2) as comparator molecules in the preclinical plan, the first preclinical dossier of pharmacokinetic, toxicity, and safety pharmacology has also been established for the 4-aminoquinoline antimalarial class. These studies have revealed preclinical liabilities that have never translated into the human experience. This has resulted in the availability of critical information to other drug development teams interested in developing antimalarials within this class.