The crystal structures of 15 compounds containing the 2-en-3-amino-1-one heterodienic system and forming intermolecular N—H...O hydrogen bonds assisted by resonance (RAHB) are reported: (1) 3-phenylamino-2-cyclohexen-1-one; (2) 3-(4-methoxyphenylamino)-2-cyclohexen-1-one; (3) 3-(4-chlorophenylamino)-2-cyclohexen-1-one; (4) 3-(4-methoxyphenylamino)-2-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one; (5) 3-(4-methoxyphenylamino)-5-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one; (6) 3-isopropylamino-5,5-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one; (7) 3-phenylamino-5,5-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one; (8) 3-(3-methoxyphenylamino)-5,5-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one; (9) N,N-3-aza-pentane-1,5-bis[1-(3-oxo-5,5-dimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl)]; (10) 3-phenylamino-6,6-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one; (11) 3-(2-methoxyphenylamino)-6,6-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one; (12) 3-(3-chlorophenylamino)-6,6-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one; (13) 3-(4-chlorophenylamino)-6,6-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one; (14) 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-(4-chlorophenylamino)-6-methyl-2-pyridone; (15) 3-(4-chlorophenylamino)-5-phenyl-2-cyclopenten-1,4-dione. All compounds form intermolecular N—H...O=C hydrogen bonds assisted by resonance connecting the heteroconjugated enaminonic groups in infinite chains. Chain morphologies are analyzed to find out crystal engineering rules able to predict and interpret the crystal packing. Simple secondary enaminones [i.e. (1)–(13) together with a number of structures retrieved from the Cambridge Structural Database] are found to form hydrogen bonds having π-delocalizations, as characterized by a C=O bond-length average of 1.239 ± 0.004 Å, and hydrogen-bond strengths, represented by the N...O average distance of 2.86 ± 0.05 Å, very similar to those previously found for amides. Enaminones, however, can be easily substituted by chemical groups able to influence both π-conjugations and N...O hydrogen-bond distances. Some substituted enaminones, retrieved from the literature, display, in fact, N...O hydrogen-bond distances as short as 2.627 Å and large π-delocalizations with C=O double-bond distances as long as 1.285 Å. These effects appear to be associated with (a) the presence of further π-conjugated systems involving the C=O and NH groups of the enaminone moiety or (b) the transformation of the enaminone carbonyl group in an amidic function.
报告了 15 种含有 2-en-3-amino-1-one 杂二烯体系并通过共振(RAHB)形成分子间 N-H...O 氢键的化合物的晶体结构:(1) 3-苯基氨基-2-环己烯-1-酮;(2) 3-(4-甲氧基苯基氨基)-2-环己烯-1-酮;(3) 3-(4-氯苯基氨基)-2-环己烯-1-酮;(4) 3-(4-甲氧基苯基氨基)-2-甲基-2-环己烯-1-酮;(5) 3-(4-甲氧基苯基氨基)-5-甲基-2-环己烯-1-酮; (6) 3-异丙基氨基-5,5-二甲基-2-环己烯-1-酮; (7) 3-苯基氨基-5,5-二甲基-2-环己烯-1-酮; (8) 3-(3-甲氧基苯基氨基)-5,5-二甲基-2-环己烯-1-酮;(9) N,N-3-氮杂戊烷-1,5-双[1-(3-氧代-5,5-二甲基-1-环己烯基)]; (10) 3-苯基氨基-6,6-二甲基-2-环己烯-1-酮; (11) 3-(2-甲氧基苯基氨基)-6,6-二甲基-2-环己烯-1-酮; (12) 3-(3-氯苯基氨基)-6,6-二甲基-2-环己烯-1-酮;(13) 3-(4-氯苯基氨基)-6,6-二甲基-2-环己烯-1-酮; (14) 1-(4-氯苯基)-4-(4-氯苯基氨基)-6-甲基-2-吡啶酮; (15) 3-(4-氯苯基氨基)-5-苯基-2-环戊烯-1,4-二酮。所有化合物都在共振的辅助下形成分子间 N-H...O=C 氢键,并将异共轭的烯酰胺基团连接成无限的链。通过对链形态的分析,可以找出预测和解释晶体堆积的晶体工程学规则。研究发现,简单的仲烯酮(即 (1)-(13) 以及从剑桥结构数据库中检索到的一些结构)形成的氢键具有 π 位移,其特点是 C=O 键平均长度为 1.239 ± 0.004 Å,氢键强度以 N...O 平均距离 2.86 ± 0.05 Å 表示,与之前发现的酰胺非常相似。然而,烯酰胺酮很容易被化学基团取代,从而影响π-共轭和 N...O 氢键距离。事实上,从文献中检索到的一些取代的烯酰胺酮显示出短至 2.627 Å 的 N...O 氢键距离和长达 1.285 Å 的 C=O 双键距离的大π异位。这些效应似乎与 (a) 涉及烯酮分子的 C=O 和 NH 基团的进一步 π 共轭体系的存在或 (b) 烯酮羰基在脒基功能中的转化有关。