cis-form. Incorporation of these switches into a variety of photopharmaceuticals could convert dark-active ligands into dark-inactive ligands, which is preferred in most biological applications. This "pharmacological sign-inversion" is demonstrated for a photochromic blocker of voltage-gated potassium channels, termed CAL, and a photochromic opener of G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK)
光药理学依赖于通过光异构化改变其药效学的
配体。这些
配体中的许多是
偶氮苯,它们在延长的反式构型中在热力学上更稳定。通常,它们以这种形式具有
生物活性,并且在辐射和光异构化为其顺式异构体时失去活性。最近,出现了环状
偶氮苯,即所谓的重氮辛,它们的弯曲顺式形式在热力学上更稳定。将这些开关结合到各种光药物中可以将暗活性
配体转化为暗活性
配体,这在大多数
生物应用中是首选。这种“药理学符号反转”被证明用于电压门控
钾通道的光致变色阻滞剂,称为 CAL,