Use of fragmentation probes in a study of the reduction reactions of 8-B-4 complexes
摘要:
The reduction of a number of mechanistic probes with several borate complexes, NaBH4, Li(C2H5)3-BH, and lithium dimesityl borohydride, has been shown to occur by both an electron transfer-hydrogen atom abstraction mechanism and a hydride transfer process. Although the electron transfer-hydrogen atom abstraction mechanism can nearly always be detected or be initiated, it is usually only a minor reaction, and only when the reducing agent and/or the substrate is sterically hindered or when the acceptor is a strong oxidizing agent is the homolytic pathway preferred.
We report a novel strategy to prepare valuable nitriles and ketones through the conversion of esters under metal-free conditions. By using the I2/PCl3 system, various substrates including aliphatic and aromatic esters could react with acetonitrile and arenes to afford the desired products in good to excellent yields. This method is compatible with a number of functional groups and provides a simple
We discovered that the aluminosilicate-stabilized silylcations, which were created from a solid-acid catalyst, the proton-exchanged montmorillonite, and Et3SiH, efficiently promoted the reductive benzylation of benzenes with aromatic carboxylic acid chlorides and Et3SiH in one pot.
我们发现,由固体酸催化剂、质子交换蒙脱土和 Et 3 SiH 产生的硅铝酸盐稳定的甲硅烷基阳离子有效地促进苯与芳族羧酸氯化物和 Et 3 SiH 在一锅中的还原苄基化.
Palladium and Copper‐Catalyzed Friedel–Crafts Acylation with Activated Amides
作者:Haeun Park、Sunwoo Lee
DOI:10.1002/adsc.202300376
日期:2023.9.19
The Friedel-Craftsacylation reaction between activated amides and arenes was carried out by employing [Pd(cinnamyl)Cl]2 and Cu(OTf)2 as catalysts. A range of N-phenyl-N-tosylbenzamides, which were substituted at the phenyl ring of the benzamide moiety, underwent reaction with various arenes, such as mesitylene, toluene, anisole, 4-tert-butylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene, affording the
The use of chemical probes to differentiate between polar and SET-hydrogen atom abstraction pathways involved in the reduction reaction promoted by an 8-Al-4 anion
作者:Dennis D. Tanner、C. M. Yang
DOI:10.1021/jo00074a014
日期:1993.10
The mechanism for the reduction of aromatic ketones and alkyl halides with lithium tetrakis(N-dihydropyridyl)aluminate was found to proceed competitively by hydride reduction and by single electron transfer (SET)-hydrogen atom abstraction processes. A series of ketyl fragmentation probes were used to differentiate the two pathways. A SET process is the dominant pathway when the ketones involved are sterically hindered or when strong electron acceptors are used as the substrates. The observation that EPR-active intermediates can be detected, or that small amounts of radical derived products are formed, demonstrates only that a SET pathway is available but cannot be used to establish the mechanism of the major product-forming reactions.
Korver,O. et al., Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas, 1965, vol. 84, p. 289 - 303