A series of 5-oxo-5H-furo[3,2-g]chromene-6-carbaldehydes and their hydrazone derivatives were evaluated as potential multi-target-directed ligands in vitro against cholinesterases, β-secretase, cyclooxygenase-2, and lipoxygenase-15 (LOX-15), as well as for free radical-scavenging activities. The most active compounds against LOX-15 were also evaluated for activity against the human lipoxygenase-5 (LOX-5). Kinetic studies against AChE, BChE, and β-secretase (BACE-1) were performed on 2-(3-fluorophenyl)- (3b) and 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-[(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)hydrazonomethyl]furo[3,2-h]chromen-5-one (3e) complemented with molecular docking (in silico) to determine plausible protein-ligand interactions on a molecular level. The docking studies revealed hydrogen and/or halogen bonding interactions between the strong electron-withdrawing fluorine atoms of the trifluoromethyl group with several residues of the enzyme targets, which are probably responsible for the observed increased biological activity of these hydrazone derivatives. The two compounds were found to moderately inhibit COX-2 and lipoxygenases (LOX-5 and LOX-15). Compounds 3b and 3e were also evaluated for cytotoxicity against the breast cancer MCF-7 cell line and Hek293-T cells.
一系列5-氧代-5H-呋喃[3,2-g]色酮-6-甲醛和它们的肼酮衍生物被评估为潜在的多靶点配体,用于体外针对胆碱酯酶、β-分泌酶、环氧化酶-2和脂氧合酶-15(LOX-15),以及自由基清除活性。对LOX-15最活跃的化合物也被评估其对人类脂氧合酶-5(LOX-5)的活性。对AChE、BChE和β-分泌酶(BACE-1)的动力学研究是在2-(3-氟苯基)-(3b)和2-(4-氯苯基)-6-[(4-三氟甲基苯基)肼甲基]呋喃[3,2-h]色酮-5-酮(3e)上进行的,并结合分子对接(体外)以确定分子水平上可能的蛋白质-配体相互作用。对接研究揭示了强电子吸引三氟甲基基团的氟原子与酶靶点的几个残基之间的氢键和/或卤素键相互作用,这可能是导致这些肼酮衍生物观察到的增强生物活性的原因。这两种化合物被发现能适度抑制COX-2和脂氧合酶(LOX-5和LOX-15)。化合物3b和3e也被评估其对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞系和Hek293-T细胞的细胞毒性。