Methanofullerenes Used as Electron Acceptors in Polymer Photovoltaic Devices
摘要:
A series of [6,6]-phenyl C-61-butyric acid esters, including methanofullerene [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) with different alkyl chain lengths (C-1-C-16) was synthesized from the reaction Of C-60 and alkyl 4-benzoylbutyrate p-tosylhydrazone in the presence of sodium methylate. The solubility Of C-60 derivatives in organic solvents increased with the increase in the length of alkyl substitutions. Photovoltaic cells with these derivatives were fabricated with the structure of ITO/PEDT/MEH-PPV + C-60 derivatives/Ba/Al. Device performances with such PCBM analogues were investigated and discussed in terms of Donor/Acceptor (D/A) phase separation and mobility of acceptor phase. The results clearly indicate that both interfacial properties of the two phases (donor and acceptor) and mobility of electrons and holes within corresponding phases play an important role in the efficiencies of PV cells. This study revealed that methanofullerenes [6,6]-phenyl C-61-butyric acid butyl ester, PCBB, possesses better photosensitivity than the PCBM, a widely investigated and well-recognized C-60 derivative for polymer PV cells The energy conversion efficiency reaches 2.84% for PCBB under AM1.5 illumination (78.2 mW/cm(2)), but 2.0% for PCBM fabricated in the same conditions.
开发了AK 2 CO 3催化的一锅法,涉及顺序形成C–C键并用α,β-不饱和酯裂解芳香族β-二酮,以获得1,5-酮酯。通过Michael加成反应和Retro-Claisen缩合反应的顺序反应可在温和条件下顺利进行,分离产率最高可达98%。机理研究表明,级联过程涉及在酒精碱性条件下芳族β-二酮作为苯甲酰基供体的C–C键裂解。
Solid-supported diazoalkane analogues for the smooth and clean esterifications of carboxylic acids [Eq. (1)] as well as of complex compound mixtures: the alkylating polymers presented here were synthesized as solid-supported 3-alkyl-1-aryltriazenes and are capable of releasing carbenium ions following acidic activation.
Manganese-catalyzed ring-opening carbonylation of cyclobutanol derivatives
作者:Tim Meyer、Zhiping Yin、Xiao-Feng Wu
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.02.028
日期:2019.3
Herein, we report a manganese-catalyzed ring-opening carbonylation of cyclobutanol derivatives through cyclic CC bond cleavage. The reaction happens via a radical-mediated pathway to selectively generate 1,5-ketoesters. A variety of substrates with substituents on the aromatic ring reacted with linear alcohols of different chain lengths. Obtained aliphatic esters are very attractive since they are