Aminoisoxazoles as Potent Inhibitors of Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase 2 (TDO2)
摘要:
Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (TDO2) catalyzes the conversion of tryptophan to the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. TDO2 overexpression has been observed in a number of cancers; therefore, TDO inhibition may be a useful therapeutic intervention for cancers. We identified an aminoisoxazole series as potent TDO2 inhibitors from a high-throughput screen (HTS). An extensive medicinal chemistry effort revealed that both the amino group and the isoxazole moiety are important for TDO2 inhibitory activity. Computational modeling yielded a binding hypothesis and provided insight into the observed structure-activity relationships. The optimized compound 21 is a potent TDO2 inhibitor with modest selectivity over indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDOL) and with improved human whole blood stability.
Carboxylation of C−H Bonds Using <i>N</i>-Heterocyclic Carbene Gold(I) Complexes
作者:Ine I. F. Boogaerts、Steven P. Nolan
DOI:10.1021/ja103429q
日期:2010.7.7
A highly efficient [(NHC)Au(I)]-based (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) catalytic system for the carboxylation of aromatic and heteroaromatic C-H bonds was developed. The significant base strength of the Au-OH species is at the origin of the activation process and permits the facile functionalization of C-H bonds without the use of other organometallic reagents.
Gold‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Yndiamides with Isoxazoles via α‐Imino Gold Fischer Carbenes
作者:Zixuan Tong、Philip J. Smith、Helena D. Pickford、Kirsten E. Christensen、Edward A. Anderson
DOI:10.1002/chem.202302821
日期:2023.12.14
Gold-catalyzed [3+2] aminative cyclization of yndiamides and isoxazoles affords polysubstituted diaminopyrroles via the intermediacy of an α-imino gold Fischercarbene. The reaction proceeds rapidly under mild conditions; high regioselectivity was achieved via a subtle steric bias between the nitrogen substituents, as supported by DFT calculations. The reaction outcome could be switched to 1,4-oxazepines
Dearomative Insertion of Fluoroalkyl Carbenes into Azoles Leading to Fluoroalkyl Heterocycles with a Quaternary Center
作者:Linxuan Li、Yongquan Ning、Hongzhu Chen、Yongyue Ning、Paramasivam Sivaguru、Peiqiu Liao、Qingwen Zhu、Yong Ji、Graham de Ruiter、Xihe Bi
DOI:10.1002/anie.202313807
日期:2024.1.2
strategy was developed for the direct conversion of azoles into various heterocyclic frameworks containing fluoroalkyl-substituted quaternary centers through dearomative one-carbon insertion using fluoroalkyl N-triftosylhydrazones. The method is scalable, tolerates diverse functional groups, and is amenable to the synthesis of medicinally relevant molecules.