Ethylmercury (etHg) is derived from the metabolism of thimerosal (o-carboxyphenyl-thio-ethyl-sodium salt), which is the most widely used form of organic mercury [A32125].
Ld50 Oral: 75 mg/kg (mouse), 91 mg/kg (mouse) [L1694] Although methylmercury (meHg) is considered a hazardous substance that is to be avoided even at small levels when consumed in foods such as seafood and rice (in Asia), the World Health Organization considers small doses of thimerosal safe regardless of multiple/repetitive exposures to vaccines that are predominantly taken during pregnancy or infancy [L1685, L1686, L1689].
Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and teat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with available water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Mercury and related compounds/
Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient with severe pulmonary edema or respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Mercury and related compounds/
/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Ten of 13 infants exposed to topical applications of a thimerosal tincture 0.1% for the treatment of exomphalos died. The total number of applications ranged from 9 to 48. Mercury concentrations were determined in various tissues from 6 of the infants. Mean tissue concentrations in fresh samples of liver, kidney, spleen, and heart ranged from 5152 to 11,330 ppb, suggesting percutaneous absorption from repeated topical applications.
/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Mercury derivatives are frequent contact allergens and their cross-reactivity is not constant. Thimerosal is an organic mercurial used as an antiseptic and as a preservative in most vaccines. /The purpose of the study was / to evaluate cross-reactivity, exposure factors, and tolerance to vaccines containing thimerosal in patients sensitized to mercury derivatives.125 patients were recruited for the study, 72 women and girls and 53 boys and men, average age 18.7 years old, range 3 to 65, with positive patch tests to mercury derivatives and/or thimerosal; Interventions: All patients were studied by means of enquiry, patch tests, intradermal tests, and intramuscular challenge with thimerosal. A sensitization to thimerosal was observed in 57 patients. Twenty-four of these 125 patients presented a positive intradermal reaction. Ammoniated mercury seems to be a good marker of mercury sensitization eliciting positive reaction in 78% of all patients and merbromin in 66%. In most cases, (100/125) cross-reactivity was found among mercury derivatives. The intramuscular injection of thimerosal induced a mild local reaction in only 5 patients (4% of the total, 9% of thimerosal positive reactions). Childhood vaccinations, merbromin used as an antiseptic, broken thermometers, and the use of drops were the main sources of exposure. The majority of the patients showed positive tests to both organic and inorganic mercury derivatives. Vaccination with thimerosal is relatively safe, even for individuals with delayed type hypersensitivity to this chemical, since more than 90% of allergic patients tolerated intramuscular challenge tests with thimerosal. A simplified protocol of patch tests to study mercury derivatives is proposed. It would be advisable to restrict the use of mercurial antiseptics and mercury thermometers.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
吸收
从胃肠道吸收的剂量小于0.01%（大鼠研究）[L1687]。
Less than 0.01% of an ingested dose is absorbed from the GI tract (rat study) [L1687].
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
消除途径
消化道 [L1675]。
Gastrointestinal tract [L1675].
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
分布容积
在266 L在一项研究中[第1678页]
266 L in one study [L1678]
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
清除
粪便样本中检测到的高浓度汞表明，乙基汞可能通过胃肠道排出 [L1675]。
The high concentrations of mercury identified in stool samples suggest that ethylmercury may be eliminated through the gastrointestinal tract [L1675].
Mercury concentrations were measured in the aqueous humor and excised corneal buttons of nine patients undergoing keratoplasty. A contact lens stored for several weeks in a solution containing thimerosal was applied to one eye for 4 hours. After 4 hours the lens was removed and mercury concentrations were determined in aqueous humor, corneal buttons, and the contact lens itself. Markedly elevated levels of mercury were determined in both aqueous humor and corneal buttons of subjects as compared to controls; however, there was little residual mercury on the contact lens after 4 hours.The mercury content in the corneal buttons of subjects ranged from 0.6 to 14 ng per tissue. The mercury content in samples of aqueous humor from subjects ranged from 20 to 46 ng/mL.
Platinum(II) thiosalicylate and related complexes as ligands towards mercury(II) halides; X-ray crystal structure of the tetrametallic complex {[P2)(PPh3)2]·HgI2}2
作者：Louise J. McCaffrey、William Henderson、Brian K. Nicholson
DOI：10.1016/s0277-5387(97)00342-2
日期：1998.1
are discussed in terms of coordination to the various metalhalide moieties. Reactions of the organomercury(II) thiosalicylate complex Thiomersal (EtHgSC 6 H 4 CO 2 Na) with cis -[PtCl 2 (PPh 3 ) 2 ], cis -[MCl 2 (dppe)] (MNi or Pd) leads to complete transfer of the thiosalicylate ligand from the mercury, and isolation of the previously reported thiosalicylate complexes [P t(SC 6 H 4 CO 2 )(PPh 3
摘要硫代水杨酸铂（II）络合物[P t（SC 6 H 4 CO 2）（PPh 3）2] 1a与HgI 2反应形成包含IHg（μ-I）2 HgI中心核与硫醇盐的四金属配合物与每个汞中心配位的1a硫，形成了扭曲的四面体配位环境。总体而言，通过X射线衍射研究确定的配合物的结构特征与母体硫代水杨酸酯配合物1a相似，但相对于铂配位，硫代水杨酸酯配体的折叠角（与46°相比增加了59°）飞机。使用31 P NMR光谱研究了相关的五元环硫醇盐络合物[P t（SCHRCO 2）（PPh 3）2]（RH或Me）与1a与一系列金属阳离子的反应。根据与各种金属卤化物部分的配位，讨论了1 J（PtP）耦合常数的变化。硫代水杨酸有机汞（II）硫柳汞（EtHgSC 6 H 4 CO 2 Na）与顺式-[PtCl 2（PPh 3）2]，顺式-[MCl 2（dppe）]（MNi或Pd）的反应导致从汞中完全转移出硫代水杨
Hg–C bond protonolysis by a functional model of bacterial enzyme organomercurial lyase MerB
作者：Ramesh Karri、Ranajit Das、Rakesh Kumar Rai、Anaswara Gopalakrishnan、Gouriprasanna Roy
DOI：10.1039/d0cc02232b
日期：——
Herein, we report a novel synthetic compound 1, having a highly nucleophilic selenolate (Se−) moiety and a thiol (–SH) functional group, which showed efficient Hg–C bond protonolysis of various R–Hg–X molecules including neurotoxic methylmercury and thimerosal, via direct –SH proton transfer to the highly activated C-atom of a departed R group with low activation energy barrier at room temperature
Exploring the Lewis basicity of the metalloligand [Pt2(µ-Se)2(PPh3)4] on metal substrates by electrospray mass spectrometry. Synthesis, characterization and structural studies of new platinum selenido phosphine complexes containing the {Pt2Se2} core
作者：Jeremy S. L. Yeo、Jagadese J. Vittal、William Henderson、T. S. Andy Hor
DOI：10.1039/b104996h
日期：2002.1.23
basic metalloligand leads to the identification and isolation of the doubly-protonated species, [Pt2(μ-SeH)2(PPh3)4]2+, whose sulfide analogue cannot be isolated. A three-step strategy is employed in the use of ESMS as a probe: (i) preliminary screening of the metalloligand with an array of acidic main group and transition group metal compounds, (ii) identification of potentially stable and isolable
Method and kit for detecting, or determining the quantity of, metabolites of fentanyl and metabolites of fentanyl analogs
申请人：Randox Laboratories Limited
公开号：US20030170728A1
公开（公告）日：2003-09-11
The invention provides an immunogen comprising a hapten coupled to an antigenicity-conferring carrier material, a conjugate comprising the aforementioned hapten coupled to a labelling agent, as well as, antibodies raised against the aforementioned immunogen and capable of binding with at least one structural epitope of metabolites of fentanyl and of metabolites of fentanyl analogs.
Method and kit for detecting, or determining, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine
申请人：——
公开号：US20040121400A1
公开（公告）日：2004-06-24
The invention provides a hapten, an immunogen comprising the hapten coupled to an antigenicity-conferring carrier material, a conjugate comprising the hapten coupled to a labelling agent, as well as, antibodies raised against the aforementioned immunogen and capable of binding with MDMA.
