4-氧代丁腈 | 3515-93-3

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氧化合物
• 中文名称: 4-氧代丁腈
• 中文别名: 3-氰基丙醛；3-甲酰基丙腈；(9CI)-4-氧代丁腈
• 英文名称: 4-oxobutanenitrile
• 英文别名: 3-cyanopropanal；β-cyanopropionaldehyde
• CAS: 3515-93-3
• 化学式: C₄H₅NO
• 分子量: 83.0898
• InChiKey: CGFGIKNLZTZJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  77 °C
• 密度：
  0.974±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -0.7
• 重原子数：
  6
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.5
• 拓扑面积：
  40.9
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

安全信息

• 海关编码：
  2926909090
• 储存条件：
  2-8°C

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  4-氧代丁腈 在 Pisum sativum aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 、 nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 作用下， 生成 3-氰基丙酸
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Structural and Functional Characterization of Plant Aminoaldehyde Dehydrogenase from Pisum sativum with a Broad Specificity for Natural and Synthetic Aminoaldehydes

  摘要：

  Aminoaldehyde dehydrogenases (AMADHs, EC 1.2.1.19) belong to the large aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) superfamily, namely, the ALDH9 family. They oxidize polyamine-derived omega-aminoaldehydes to the corresponding omega-amino acids. Here, we report the first X-ray structures of plant AMADHs: two isoenzymes, PsAMADH1 and PsAMADH2, from Pisum sativum in complex with beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) at 2.4 and 2.15 angstrom resolution, respectively. Both recombinant, proteins are dimeric and, similarly to other ALDHs, each monomer is composed of an oligomerization domain, a coenzyme binding domain and a catalytic domain. Each subunit binds NAD(+) as a coenzyme, contains a solvent-accessible C-terminal peroxisomal targeting signal (type 1) and a cation bound in the cavity close to the NAD(+) binding site. While the NAD(+) binding mode is classical for PsAMADH2, that for PsAMADH1 is unusual among ALDHs. A glycerol molecule occupies the substrate binding site and mimics a bound substrate. Structural analysis and substrate specificity study of both isoenzymes in combination with data published previously on other ALDH9 family members show that the established categorization of such enzymes into distinct groups based on substrate specificity is no more appropriate, because many of them seem capable of oxidizing a large spectrum of aminoaldehyde substrates. PsAMADH1 and PsAMADH2 can oxidize N,N,N-trimethyl-4-aminobutyraldehyde into gamma-butyrobetaine, which is the carnitine precursor in animal cells. This activity highly suggests that in addition to their contribution to the formation of compatible osmolytes such as glycine betaine, beta-alanine betaine and gamma-aminobutyric acid, AMADHs might participate in carnitine biosynthesis in plants. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.jmb.2009.12.015
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  4,4-二甲氧基丁腈 在 对甲苯磺酸 作用下， 反应 2.0h， 以86%的产率得到4-氧代丁腈
  参考文献：
  名称：

  New Synthesis of a Pyrroloquinoline Skeleton, the Martinelline Core, Using a Tandem Michael-Aldol Strategy

  摘要：

  马丁奈林的吡咯并喹啉部分是从1,2-二氢喹啉合成的，后者是通过使用串联的迈克尔-阿尔多反应作为关键步骤制备的，这是一种天然存在的缓激肽受体拮抗剂。

  DOI：

  10.1055/s-2004-829085

文献信息

• HCl·DMPU-assisted one-pot and metal-free conversion of aldehydes to nitriles
  作者：Sagar R. Mudshinge、Chinmay S. Potnis、Bo Xu、Gerald B. Hammond

  DOI：10.1039/d0gc00757a

  日期：——

  HCl·DMPU assisted one-pot conversion of aldehydes into nitriles. The use of HCl·DMPU as both an acidic source as well as a non-nucleophilic base constitutes an environmentally mild alternative for the preparation of nitriles. Our protocol proceeds smoothly without the use of toxic reagents and metal catalysts. Diverse functionalized aromatic, aliphatic and allylic aldehydes incorporating various functional

  我们报告了一种有效的HCl·DMPU辅助将一锅法将醛转化为腈的方法。将HCl·DMPU用作酸性来源和非亲核碱均构成制备腈的环境温和的替代方法。我们的操作规程顺利进行，无需使用有毒的试剂和金属催化剂。结合了各种官能团的各种官能化的芳香族，脂肪族和烯丙基醛已成功地以优异的定量转化为腈。该协议的特点是底物范围广，反应条件温和，可扩展性高。
• Highly Enantioselective α Alkylation of Aldehydes with 1,3-Benzodithiolylium Tetrafluoroborate: A Formal Organocatalytic α Alkylation of Aldehydes by the Carbenium Ion
  作者：Andrea Gualandi、Enrico Emer、Montse Guiteras Capdevila、Pier Giorgio Cozzi

  DOI：10.1002/anie.201102562

  日期：2011.8.16

  A formal formyl: The organocatalytic stereoselective addition of formyl equivalents to aldehydes (see scheme) tolerates a large variety of functional groups to afford products with high enantioselectivity (92–97 % ee) and good yields (up to 95 %). The benzodithiol group can be easily removed with Raney Ni or metalated with nBuLi, thus giving access to a methyl group or to a wide range of useful intermediates

  正式的甲酰基：对醛类进行有机催化的立体选择性加成（见方案），可以耐受多种官能团，从而提供具有高对映选择性（92-97％  ee）和良好收率（高达95％）的产物。苯二硫基可以很容易地用阮内镍除去或用n BuLi进行金属化，从而获得甲基或各种有用的中间体。
• Prebiotic selection and assembly of proteinogenic amino acids and natural nucleotides from complex mixtures
  作者：Saidul Islam、Dejan-Krešimir Bučar、Matthew W. Powner

  DOI：10.1038/nchem.2703

  日期：2017.6

  permits ribonucleotide synthesis, even from complex sugar mixtures. Remarkably, aminal formation also overcomes the thermodynamically favoured isomerization of glyceraldehyde into dihydroxyacetone because only the aminal of glyceraldehyde separates from the equilibrating mixture. Finally, we show that aminal formation provides a novel pathway to amino acids that avoids the synthesis of the non-proteinogenic

  益生元合成生物氨基酸和核苷酸的主要问题是避免伴随合成不希望的或不相关的副产物。另外，多步路径需要能够使反应物顺序添加和纯化中间体的机制，这与合理的地球化学情况一致。在这里，我们表明2-氨基噻唑与二碳糖和三碳糖（分别为甘醇醛和甘油醛）选择性反应，从而导致它们的积累和纯化为稳定的结晶类缩醛胺。这允许甚至从复杂的糖混合物中合成核糖核苷酸。值得注意的是 氨醛的形成还克服了甘油醛热力学上有利于异构化为二羟基丙酮的异构化问题，因为只有甘油醛的氨醛才从平衡混合物中分离出来。最后，我们表明氨基形成为氨基酸提供了一种新颖的途径，从而避免了非蛋白质生成的α，α-二取代类似物的合成。控制益生元混合物中蛋白质氨基酸和核糖核苷酸装配的常见物理化学机制表明，这些必需的代谢物类别具有统一的化学起源。
• [EN] NOVEL INHIBITORS<br/>[FR] NOUVEAUX INHIBITEURS
  申请人：PROBIODRUG AG

  公开号：WO2018178384A1

  公开（公告）日：2018-10-04

  The invention relates to a compound of formula (I): A-B-D-E (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or polymorph thereof, including all tautomers and stereoisomers thereof, wherein: A is selected from monocyclic and bicyclic heteroaryl, which may independently substituted by alkyl or amino; B is selected from alkyl, heteroalkyl, alkyl-amino, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl and alkylene, wherein said groups may independently be substituted by alkyl; D is selected from aryl-amino, heteroaryl-amino, cycloalkyl-amino, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-amino, urea, thioamide, thiourea, sulfonamide, sulfoximine and sulfamoyl, wherein said aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl and heterocyclyl groups may independently be substituted; and E is selected from aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, wherein said aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl and heterocyclyl groups may independently be substituted. The compounds of formula (I) are inhibitors of glutaminyl cyclase (QC, EC 2.3.2.5). QC catalyzes the intramolecular cyclization of N-terminal glutamine residues into pyroglutamic acid (5-oxo-prolyl, pGlu*) under liberation of ammonia and the intramolecular cyclization of N- terminal glutamate residues into pyroglutamic acid under liberation of water.

  该发明涉及以下式(I)的化合物：A-B-D-E (I)或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂或多型体，包括其所有互变异构体和立体异构体，其中：A选自可以独立由烷基或氨基取代的单环和双环杂环基；B选自烷基、杂环烷基、烷基氨基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基和烷基烯，其中这些基团可以独立地被烷基取代；D选自芳基氨基、杂芳基氨基、环烷基氨基、杂环烷基、杂环烷基氨基、脲、硫代酰胺、硫脲、磺酰胺、亚砜和磺酰胺，其中这些芳基、杂芳基、环烷基和杂环烷基基团可以独立地被取代；E选自芳基、杂芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基，其中这些芳基、杂芳基、环烷基和杂环烷基基团可以独立地被取代。式(I)的化合物是谷氨酰环化酶（QC，EC 2.3.2.5）的抑制剂。QC催化N-末端谷氨酸残基的分子内环化成吡咯谷氨酸（5-氧代脯氨酰，pGlu*），释放氨气，并催化N-末端谷氨酸残基的分子内环化成吡咯谷氨酸，释放水。
• Evolution of an oxidative dearomatization enabled total synthesis of vinigrol
  作者：Qingliang Yang、Cristian Draghici、Jon T. Njardarson、Fang Li、Brandon R. Smith、Pradipta Das

  DOI：10.1039/c3ob42191k

  日期：——

  synthetic strategy resulting in a total synthesis of vinigrol is presented. Oxidative dearomatization/intramolecular Diels–Alder cycloaddition has served as the successful cornerstone for all of the approaches. Extensive radical cyclization efforts to form the tetracyclic core resulted in interesting and surprising reaction outcomes, none of which could be advanced to vinigrol. These cyclization obstacles

  介绍了导致vinigrol全合成的合成策略的演变。氧化脱芳构化/分子内 Diels-Alder 环加成已成为所有方法的成功基石。形成四环核心的广泛自由基环化努力导致了有趣且令人惊讶的反应结果，其中没有一个可以推进到vinigrol。通过使用 Heck 而不是自由基环化成功地克服了这些环化障碍。全合成的特点是三氟乙醚保护基团首次用于有机合成。除了保护 C8a 羟基之外，还介绍了它的选择逻辑和基团的重要性，并讨论了去除它的策略。由于紧凑的四环笼，该路线是围绕许多不寻常的反应观察建立的，并且已经出现了解决方案。例如，首次发现了具有三氟乙基离去基团的 Grob 断裂反应，观察到有趣的二氧化硒烯丙基氧化中断，以及有趣的催化剂和抗衡离子依赖性定向氢化。

表征谱图