Formation of Three-Membered Rings by S<sub>H</sub>i Displacement. Reverse of Cyclopropyl Ring Opening<sup>1</sup>
作者:Dennis D. Tanner、Liying Zhang、Li Qing Hu、Pramod Kandanarachchi
DOI:10.1021/jo960879u
日期:1996.1.1
carried out in the presence of several transfer agents (CCl(4), CCl(3)Br, CCl(2)Br(2)) initiate a radical chain addition of CCl(2)X(*) and yield cyclized materials resulting from the S(H)i displacement of halogen by a carbon-centered radical. The radical displacement of a halogen on carbon, the reverse of homolyticdisplacement on cyclopropyl carbon, is dominant at low temperatures. The rate constants for
COSMETIC EXCIPIENT INCLUDING A C8-C10 ALKANE AND A C>= 11 ALKANES
申请人:BIOSYNTHIS
公开号:US20210154110A1
公开(公告)日:2021-05-27
A cosmetic excipient including an alkane mixture, the alkane mixture including at least one C8-C10 alkane, and at least one C≥11 alkane, wherein the at least one C8-C10 alkane is present in a percentage by mass less than or equal to approximately 40% (≤40%), relative to the total mass of the alkane mixture.
Synthesis, characterization and isomerization performance of micro/mesoporous materials based on H-ZSM-22 zeolite
作者:Suyao Liu、Jie Ren、Huaike Zhang、Enjing Lv、Yong Yang、Yong-Wang Li
DOI:10.1016/j.jcat.2015.12.009
日期:2016.3
in alkaline solution with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide template (CTAB). The structure, morphology, pore properties, acidity and isomerization performance of the catalysts by using the resulting materials were characterized and assessed. The dissolution and recrystallization procedure introduced the well-developed mesoporous structure of MCM-41 type with the meso-scale channels of about 3 nm in size
Copper-catalyzed coupling reaction of unactivated secondary alkyl iodides with alkyl Grignard reagents in the presence of 1,3-butadiene as an effective additive
Cu-catalyzed cross-coupling of unactivated secondary alkyl iodides with alkylGrignardreagents in the presence of 1,3-butadiene as a ligand precursor was developed. The use of 1,3-butadiene resulted in improved yields of alkyl-alkyl products with improved selectivities.
1-Hexene: a renewable C6 platform for full-performance jet and diesel fuels
作者:Benjamin G. Harvey、Heather A. Meylemans
DOI:10.1039/c3gc41554f
日期:——
A highly efficient and selective process has been developed for the conversion of 1-hexene to jet and diesel fuels. In combination with commercial processes for the dehydration of ethanol and trimerization of ethylene, this work provides a basis for the synthesis of full-performance hydrocarbon fuels from bio-ethanol. Selective oligomerization of 1-hexene with a Cp2ZrCl2/MAO catalyst at ambient temperature and pressure resulted in 100% conversion of 1-hexene with >80% selectivity to a mixture of the dimer and trimer. The hydrogenated dimer had a −20 °C viscosity of only 3.5 mPa s, an exceptionally low freezing point of −77 °C, and a cetane number of 67 suggesting that it has performance characteristics suitable for both jet and diesel fuels. The hydrogenated trimer had a flash point of 128 °C, a cetane number of 92, a 40 °C viscosity of 3.1 mPa s, and a −20 °C viscosity of 24.5 mPa s. These properties suggest that the trimer has applications as a high-performance diesel fuel. In addition to the fuel-range hydrocarbons, heavier oligomers have potential as biolubricants which improves the carbon yield of useful products to near quantitative levels.
我们开发出了一种将 1-己烯转化为喷气燃料和柴油燃料的高效选择性工艺。结合乙醇脱水和乙烯三聚的商业工艺,这项工作为利用生物乙醇合成高性能碳氢化合物燃料奠定了基础。在常温常压下,使用 Cp2ZrCl2/MAO 催化剂对 1-hexene 进行选择性低聚,可将 1-hexene 100%转化为二聚体和三聚体的混合物,选择性大于 80%。氢化二聚体的 -20 °C 粘度仅为 3.5 mPa s,凝固点特别低,为 -77 °C ,十六烷值为 67,这表明它具有适用于喷气燃料和柴油燃料的性能特点。氢化三聚体的闪点为 128 °C,十六烷值为 92,40 °C 粘度为 3.1 mPa s,-20 °C 粘度为 24.5 mPa s。除了燃料范围内的碳氢化合物外,较重的低聚物还有可能用作生物润滑剂,从而将有用产品的碳产量提高到接近定量水平。