3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-1,2,6-trimethyl-1H-indole-4,7-dione | 4840-60-2

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 吲哚及其衍生物
• 英文名称: 3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-1,2,6-trimethyl-1H-indole-4,7-dione
• 英文别名: 4,7-dioxo-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-1,2,6-trimethylindole；3-hydroxymethyl-5-methoxy-1,2,6-trimethylindole-4,7-dione；3-hydroxymethyl-5-methoxy-1,2,6-trimethyl-indole-4,7-dione；1,2,6-Trimethyl-3-hydroxymethyl-5-methoxy-4,7-dioxo-4H,7H-indol；3-(Hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-1,2,6-trimethylindole-4,7-dione
• CAS: 4840-60-2
• 化学式: C₁₃H₁₅NO₄
• 分子量: 249.266
• InChiKey: IYDZZKLOPLQUCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.6
• 重原子数：
  18
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.38
• 拓扑面积：
  68.5
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  4

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-1,2,6-trimethyl-1H-indole-4,7-dione 、 蓓萨罗丁 在 三苯基膦 、 偶氮二甲酸二乙酯 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 为溶剂， 以54%的产率得到(5-Methoxy-1,2,6-trimethyl-4,7-dioxoindol-3-yl)methyl 4-[1-(3,5,5,8,8-pentamethyl-6,7-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)ethenyl]benzoate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Bexarotene prodrugs: Targeting through cleavage by NQO1 (DT-diaphorase)

  摘要：

  Bexarotene, a retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist, is being tested as a potential disease modifying treatment for neurodegenerative conditions. To limit the peripheral exposure of bexarotene and release it only in the affected areas of the brain, we designed a prodrug strategy based on the enzyme NAD( P) H/quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) that is elevated in neurodegenerative diseases. A series of indolequinones (known substrates of NQO1) was synthesized and coupled to bexarotene. Bexarotene-3(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-1,2-dimethyl-1H-indole-4,7-dione ester 7a was cleaved best by NQO1. The prodrugs are not cleaved by esterase. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.03.003
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  3-methylaminobut-2-enoic acid methyl ester 在 盐酸 、 tin 、 lithium aluminium tetrahydride 、 硝酸 、 溶剂黄146 、 potassium hydroxide 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 硝基甲烷 、 乙醇 、 水 、 二甲基亚砜 为溶剂， 反应 30.5h， 生成 3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-1,2,6-trimethyl-1H-indole-4,7-dione
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Bexarotene prodrugs: Targeting through cleavage by NQO1 (DT-diaphorase)

  摘要：

  Bexarotene, a retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist, is being tested as a potential disease modifying treatment for neurodegenerative conditions. To limit the peripheral exposure of bexarotene and release it only in the affected areas of the brain, we designed a prodrug strategy based on the enzyme NAD( P) H/quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) that is elevated in neurodegenerative diseases. A series of indolequinones (known substrates of NQO1) was synthesized and coupled to bexarotene. Bexarotene-3(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-1,2-dimethyl-1H-indole-4,7-dione ester 7a was cleaved best by NQO1. The prodrugs are not cleaved by esterase. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.03.003

文献信息

• New 2-substituted indoloquinone mitomycin analogs
  作者：Bhashyam S. Iyengar、William A. Remers、Joseph J. Catino

  DOI：10.1021/jm00128a030

  日期：1989.8

  cytotoxics than mitomycin C against human tumor cell lines, but they were inactive against P388 leukemia in mice. Two 5-aziridinylindoloquinones were also more potent than mitomycin C against the cell lines and one of them was active in the P388 model upon in vivo assay. The corresponding 5-amino analogues were less potent than mitomycin C against both the cell lines and murine P388 leukemia. A 2-(

  先前报道的2-（羟甲基）吲哚醌，以其乙酸盐或氨基甲酸酯的形式制备，在细菌培养物中的活性低于2-甲基类似物，尽管对DNA交联具有适当的功能，但它们在小鼠中没有活性。基于这些化合物对DNA选择性烷基化的化学反应性过高的假设，我们制备了具有取代基的新类似物，这些取代基可能会改变醌环的还原电位，从而可能控制其生物活化速率。5-甲氧基吲哚醌对人肿瘤细胞系的毒性比丝裂霉素C强得多，但对小鼠的P388白血病无活性。两种5-氮丙啶基吲哚醌对细胞系的作用也比丝裂霉素C强，其中一种在体内分析后在P388模型中具有活性。相应的5-氨基类似物对细胞系和小鼠P388白血病的效力均低于丝裂霉素C。通过20步合成制备2-（1-羟乙基）氨基甲酸酯。它对两种细胞系的效力约为丝裂霉素C的四分之一。
• Controlling the rates of reductively-activated elimination from the (indol-3-yl)methyl position of indolequinones
  作者：Steven A. Everett、Matthew A. Naylor、Paola Barraja、Elizabeth Swann、Kantilal B. Patel、Michael R. L. Stratford、Anna R. Hudnott、Borivoj Vojnovic、Rosalind J. Locke、Peter Wardman、Christopher J. Moody

  DOI：10.1039/b009652k

  日期：——

  A series of substituted 3-(4-nitrophenyloxy)methylindole-4,7-diones (Q) were synthesised. The effects of substitution patterns on the indole core on rates of elimination of 4-nitrophenol as a model for drug release following fragmentation of a phenolic ether linker were studied. After reduction to either the radical anion (Q˙−) or hydroquinone (QH2) elimination of 4-nitrophenol occurred from the (indol-3-yl)methyl position. The half-lives of Q˙− radicals at [O2] ≈ 5 µmol dm−3, typical of tumour hypoxia, were t½ ≈ 0.3–1.8 ms, the higher values associated with higher reduction potentials. Half-lives for the autoxidation of the QH2 were markedly longer at the same oxygen concentration (t½ ≈ 8–102 min) and longer still in the presence of 4 µmol dm−3 superoxide dismutase (t½ ≈ 8–19 h). Although the indolequinones were able to eliminate 4-nitrophenol with high efficiency only Q˙− radicals of the 3-carbinyl substituted derivatives did so with sufficiently short half-lives (t½ ≈ 41–2 ms) to compete with electron transfer to oxygen and therefore have the potential to target the leaving group to hypoxic tissue. The hydroquinones are not sufficiently oxygen sensitive to prevent the elimination of 4-nitrophenol (t½ ≈ 1.5–3.5 s) even at oxygen concentrations expected in normal tissue. By incorporating electron rich substituents at the indolyl carbinyl position it is possible to control the rate of reductive fragmentation. This may prove an important factor in the design of an indolequinone-based bioreductive drug delivery system.

  合成了一系列取代的3-(4-硝基苯氧基)甲基吲哚-4,7-二酮（Q）。研究了取代模式对吲哚核心在4-硝基苯酚释放速率上的影响，作为药物释放的模型，药物释放是通过酚醚连接链的断裂发生的。在还原为自由基阴离子（Q˙−）或氢醌（QH2）后，4-硝基苯酚从（吲哚-3-基）甲基位置释放。Q˙−自由基在[O2] ≈ 5 µmol dm−3（典型的肿瘤缺氧环境）下的半衰期为t½ ≈ 0.3–1.8毫秒，较高的半衰期值与较高的还原电位相关。在相同的氧浓度下，QH2的自氧化半衰期明显更长（t½ ≈ 8–102分钟），在存在4 µmol dm−3超氧化物歧化酶的情况下更长（t½ ≈ 8–19小时）。尽管吲哚醌能够以高效率释放4-硝基苯酚，但仅有3-羧基取代的Q˙−自由基具有足够短的半衰期（t½ ≈ 41–2毫秒）以与氧的电子转移竞争，因此具有将离去基团靶向缺氧组织的潜力。即使在正常组织中预期的氧浓度下，氢醌的氧敏感性不足以阻止4-硝基苯酚的释放（t½ ≈ 1.5–3.5秒）。通过在吲哚基甲基位置引入富电子取代基，可以控制还原性碎裂的速率。这可能成为设计基于吲哚醌的生物还原药物递送系统的重要因素。
• IYENGAR, BHASHYAM S.;REMERS, WILLIAM A.;CATINO, JOSEPH J., J. MED. CHEM., 32,(1989) N, C. 1866-1872
  作者：IYENGAR, BHASHYAM S.、REMERS, WILLIAM A.、CATINO, JOSEPH J.

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• Bexarotene prodrugs: Targeting through cleavage by NQO1 (DT-diaphorase)
  作者：Anja Schäfer、Ethan S. Burstein、Roger Olsson

  DOI：10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.03.003

  日期：2014.4

  Bexarotene, a retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist, is being tested as a potential disease modifying treatment for neurodegenerative conditions. To limit the peripheral exposure of bexarotene and release it only in the affected areas of the brain, we designed a prodrug strategy based on the enzyme NAD( P) H/quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) that is elevated in neurodegenerative diseases. A series of indolequinones (known substrates of NQO1) was synthesized and coupled to bexarotene. Bexarotene-3(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-1,2-dimethyl-1H-indole-4,7-dione ester 7a was cleaved best by NQO1. The prodrugs are not cleaved by esterase. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.