8-Substituted <i>O</i><sup>6</sup>-Cyclohexylmethylguanine CDK2 Inhibitors: Using Structure-Based Inhibitor Design to Optimize an Alternative Binding Mode
作者:Benoit Carbain、David J. Paterson、Elizabeth Anscombe、Allyson J. Campbell、Celine Cano、Aude Echalier、Jane A. Endicott、Bernard T. Golding、Karen Haggerty、Ian R. Hardcastle、Philip J. Jewsbury、David R. Newell、Martin E. M. Noble、Celine Roche、Lan Z. Wang、Roger J. Griffin
DOI:10.1021/jm401555v
日期:2014.1.9
Evaluation of the effects of purine C-8 substitution within a series of CDK1/2-selective O-6-cyclohexylmethylguanine derivatives revealed that potency decreases initially with increasing size of the alkyl substituent. Structural analysis showed that C-8 substitution is poorly tolerated, and to avoid unacceptable steric interactions, these compounds adopt novel binding modes. Thus, 2-amino-6-cyclohexylmethoxy-8-isopropyl-9H-purine adopts a "reverse" binding mode where the purine backbone has flipped 180 degrees. This provided a novel lead chemotype from which we have designed more potent CDK2 inhibitors using, in the first instance, quantum mechanical energy calculations. Introduction of an ortho-tolyl or ortho-chlorophenyl group at the purine C-8 position restored the potency of these "reverse" binding mode inhibitors to that of the parent 2-amino-6-cyclohexylmethoxy-9H-purine. By contrast, the corresponding 8-(2-methyl-3-sulfamoylphenyl)-purine derivative exhibited submicromolar CDK2-inhibitory activity by virtue of engineered additional interactions with Asp86 and Lys89 in the reversed binding mode, as confirmed by X-ray crystallography.