毒理性
◉ 母乳喂养期间使用总结:没有报告在母亲使用bepotastine治疗期间母乳喂养的婴儿。由于眼部吸收有限,预计bepotastine不会对母乳喂养的婴儿造成任何不良影响。为了显著减少使用眼药水后到达母乳中的药物量,可以在眼角按压泪囊1分钟或更长时间,然后使用吸收性纸巾去除多余的溶液。
◉ 对母乳喂养婴儿的影响:截至修订日期,未找到关于bepotastine的相关已发布信息。在一项电话随访研究中,母亲报告有10%的婴儿在接触各种抗组胺药后出现烦躁和肠绞痛症状,1.6%的婴儿出现嗜睡。所有反应均无需医疗注意,且没有患者使用bepotastine。
◉ 对泌乳和母乳的影响:在非哺乳期妇女和产后早期妇女中,通过注射给予相对高剂量的抗组胺药可以降低基础血清催乳素。然而,哺乳诱导的催乳素分泌不会受到产后母亲使用抗组胺药预处理的影响。在已建立泌乳的母亲中,催乳素水平可能不会影响她的哺乳能力。低剂量的眼部bepotastine不太可能对血清催乳素有相同的影响。
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation:There are no reports of infants breastfed during maternal therapy with bepotastine. Because absorption from the eye is limited, bepotastine would not be expected to cause any adverse effects in breastfed infants. To substantially diminish the amount of drug that reaches the breastmilk after using eye drops, place pressure over the tear duct by the corner of the eye for 1 minute or more, then remove the excess solution with an absorbent tissue.
◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants:Relevant published information on bepotastine was not found as of the revision date. In one telephone follow-up study, mothers reported irritability and colicky symptoms in 10% of infants exposed to various antihistamines and drowsiness was reported in 1.6% of infants. None of the reactions required medical attention and none of the patients were using bepotastine.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk:Antihistamines in relatively high doses given by injection can decrease basal serum prolactin in nonlactating women and in early postpartum women. However, suckling-induced prolactin secretion is not affected by antihistamine pretreatment of postpartum mothers. The prolactin level in a mother with established lactation may not affect her ability to breastfeed. Low ophthalmic doses of bepotastine are unlikely to have the same effect on serum prolactin.
来源:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)