as well as products, are largely determined by the degree of bridging between the cationic center and a dorsal C-atom in the transition state and in the resulting ion pairs. Since bridging is a directed bonding interaction, it is subject to the same angle and conformational strains as ordinary covalent bonds. But bridging requires less geometrical change than the formation of normal bonds and of nonclassical
2-外-降
冰片基,双环[3.2.1] oct-8-基,双环[3.3.1] non-2-基,双环[3.2.1] oct-6-基,双环的溶剂分解速率和产物据报道,分别有[3.2.1] oct-2-yl和双环[3.2.2] non-6-yl
对甲苯磺酸盐10-15。所述外型/内型速率比率在80%EtOH中这些差向异构次级甲
苯磺酸盐从1125变化为11〜1.6为15。相对速率2278之间变化为外切- 10和4·10 -3为内切- 11。
水解产物主要是重排的醇和烯烃。来自exo的未重排
酒精-
甲苯磺酸酯形成时具有完全或主要的构型保留,而衍生自内
甲苯磺酸酯的那些大部分被倒置。这些结果证实了这样的假设:相对速率以及产物在很大程度上取决于过渡态和所得离子对中阳离子中心与背侧C原子之间的桥联程度。由于桥接是直接的键合相互作用,因此它与普通的共价键具有相同的角度和构象应变。但是,与正常键和非经典离子的形成相比,桥接所需的几何变化更少。