AbstractNew imidazopyridine–chalcone analogs were synthesized through the Claisen–Schmidt condensation reaction. The newly synthesized imidazopyridine‐chalcones (S1–S12) were characterized using spectroscopic and elemental analysis. The structures of compounds S2 and S5 were confirmed by X‐ray crystallography. The global chemical reactivity descriptor parameter was calculated using theoretically (DFT‐B3LYP‐3‐211, G) estimated highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital values and the results are discussed. Compounds S1–S12 were screened on A‐549 (lung carcinoma epithelial cells) and MDA‐MB‐231 (M.D. Anderson‐Metastatic Breast 231) cancer cell lines. Compounds S6 and S12 displayed exceptional antiproliferative activity against lung A‐549 cancer cells with IC50 values of 4.22 and 6.89 µM, respectively, compared to the standard drug doxorubicin (IC50 = 3.79 μM). In the case of the MDA‐MB‐231 cell line, S1 and S6 exhibited exceptionally superior antiproliferative activity with IC50 of 5.22 and 6.50 μM, respectively, compared to doxorubicin (IC50 = 5.48 μM). S1 was found to be more active than doxorubicin. Compounds S1–S12 were tested for their cytotoxicity on human embryonic kidney 293 cells, which confirmed the nontoxic nature of the active compounds. Further molecular docking studies verified that compounds S1–S12 have a higher docking score and interacted well with the target protein. The most active compound S1 interacted well with the target protein carbonic anhydrase II in complex with pyrimidine‐based inhibitor, and S6 with human Topo IIα ATPase/AMP‐PNP. The results suggest that imidazopyridine‐chalcone analogs may serve as new leads as anticancer agents.
摘要 通过克莱森-施密特缩合反应合成了新的咪唑吡啶-查尔酮类似物。利用光谱和元素分析对新合成的咪唑吡啶-查耳酮(S1-S12)进行了表征。化合物 S2 和 S5 的结构通过 X 射线晶体学得到了证实。利用理论(DFT-B3LYP-3-211,G)估计的最高占有分子轨道和最低未占有分子轨道值计算了全局化学反应性描述参数,并对结果进行了讨论。化合物 S1-S12 在 A-549(肺癌上皮细胞)和 MDA-MB-231(M.D. Anderson 转移性乳腺癌 231)癌细胞系上进行了筛选。与标准药物多柔比星(IC50 = 3.79 μM)相比,化合物 S6 和 S12 对肺 A-549 癌细胞显示出卓越的抗增殖活性,IC50 值分别为 4.22 和 6.89 μM。在 MDA-MB-231 细胞系中,与多柔比星(IC50 = 5.48 μM)相比,S1 和 S6 的抗增殖活性特别高,IC50 分别为 5.22 μM 和 6.50 μM。S1 的活性高于多柔比星。化合物 S1-S12 对人类胚胎肾脏 293 细胞进行了细胞毒性测试,结果证实了活性化合物的无毒性。进一步的分子对接研究证实,化合物 S1-S12 的对接得分较高,与靶蛋白的相互作用良好。活性最强的化合物 S1 与目标蛋白碳酸酐酶 II 与嘧啶类抑制剂的复合物有良好的相互作用,S6 与人 Topo IIα ATPase/AMP-PNP 有良好的相互作用。这些结果表明,咪唑并吡啶-查尔酮类似物可作为抗癌药物的新线索。