Nucleophilic substitution reactions of 1-methyl-4,5-dinitroimidazole with aqueous ammonia or sodium azide
作者:Peng-Bao Lian、Xiao-Jie Guo、Jian-Long Wang、Li-Zhen Chen、Fan-Fan Shen
DOI:10.1007/s10593-018-2389-5
日期:2018.11
5-amino-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole was synthesized by amination reaction of 1-methyl-4,5-dinitroimidazole with aqueous ammonia in 95% yield. Meanwhile, one of its isomers, 4-amino-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole as byproduct was obtained from the filtrate. Furthermore, nucleophilic substitution reaction of 1-methyl-4,5-dinitroimidazole with sodium azide gave 5-azido-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole in 98% yield. The three
在这项工作中,通过1-甲基-4,5-二硝基咪唑与氨水的胺化反应以95%的产率合成了5-氨基-1-甲基-4-硝基咪唑。同时,从滤液获得其异构体之一,即作为副产物的4-氨基-1-甲基-5-硝基咪唑。此外,1-甲基-4,5-二硝基咪唑与叠氮化钠的亲核取代反应以98%的产率得到5-叠氮基-1-甲基-4-硝基咪唑。三种化合物的特征在于IR,1 H和1313 C NMR光谱,熔点和元素分析。通过单晶X射线衍射进一步证实了4-氨基-1-甲基-5-硝基咪唑的结构。这些反应表明1-甲基-4,5-二硝基咪唑的5位的硝基非常不稳定,氨水中也发生4位的硝基的部分取代。在每种情况下,两者中仅一个硝基参与亲核取代反应。