化学性质:
用途: 用于合成麻醉药甲氧氟烷的中间体。
生产方法: 在搅拌下,将无水三氯化铝迅速加入已熔化的氟里昂112中,保温搅拌2-3小时后升温至60-70℃,保温过滤。滤液进行分馏,收集91-92℃的馏分以得到2,2-二氟四氯乙烷,收率为70%。
类别: 有毒物质
毒性分级: 低毒
急性毒性:
可燃性危险特性: 不燃。火场释放有毒氯化物和氟化物烟雾。
储运特性: 需库房低温、通风且干燥,并密封保存。
职业标准: 时间加权平均容许浓度(TWA)为4170 毫克/立方米。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1,2,2-三氯-1,1-二氟乙烷 | 1,1,2-trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane | 354-21-2 | C2HCl3F2 | 169.386 |
1,1,1-三氯-2,2-二氟乙烷 | 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane | 354-12-1 | C2HCl3F2 | 169.386 |
1,1-二氟-1,2-二氯乙烷 | 1,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane | 1649-08-7 | C2H2Cl2F2 | 134.941 |
1,1,2-三氯三氟乙烷(CFC-113) | 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane | 76-13-1 | C2Cl3F3 | 187.376 |
三氯三氟乙烷 | 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane | 354-58-5 | C2Cl3F3 | 187.376 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
氟五氯乙烷 | freon-111 | 354-56-3 | C2Cl5F | 220.285 |
1,1,2-三氯三氟乙烷(CFC-113) | 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane | 76-13-1 | C2Cl3F3 | 187.376 |
三氯三氟乙烷 | 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane | 354-58-5 | C2Cl3F3 | 187.376 |
The insecticidal lead 1,1-difluorododec-1-ene was optimised. This compound has attractive insecticidal activity against tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens), banded cucumber beetle (Diabrotica balteata), pea aphid (Aphis cracciovora), brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), and green rice leafhopper (Nephotettix cincticeps). Among different pharmacophore analogues, only 1,1-dichlorododec-1-ene and 1,1-difluoro-2-iodododec-1-ene showed weak insecticidal activity, whereas similar compounds such as 1-chloro-1-fluorododec-1-ene, 1-fluorododec-1-ene, and 1,1-difluoro-2-bromododec-1-ene were inactive. Only bridge analogues with even-numbered carbon chains were active, for example 1,1-difluorodec-1-ene and 1,1-difluorotetradec-1-ene. Odd-numbered analogues such as 1,1-difluoronon-1-ene, 1,1-difluoroundec-1-ene, 1,1-difluorotridec-1-ene, and 1,1-difluoro-pentadec-1-ene showed no activity. Modification of the tail group led to the analogues 12,12-difluorododec-11-enoic acid and its methyl ester, 12,12-difluorododec-11-en-1-ol, 1,1-difluoro-12-methoxydodec-1-ene, and 12,12-difluorododec-11-enylamine, all of which showed insecticidal activity. 12,12-difluorododec-11-enoic acid methyl ester, 12,12-difluorododec-11-enoic acid, and 12,12-difluorododec-11-en-1-ol were also active against spider mites (Tetranychus ssp). Thus, in a first optimisation cycle, broad activity against insect pests and mites was discovered. Two requirements, the gem-difluorovinyl pharmacophore and an even-numbered carbon chain, were found to be essential for activity. This latter requirement is in line with the proposed mode of action, which involves inhibition of the ? -oxidation of fatty acids in insect mitochondria. In a second optimisation cycle, it was found that 6,6-difluorohex-5-enoic acid and its derivatives, such as acids, amides, and hydrazides, possess even superior properties as insecticides and acaricides. This led to the discovery of 6,6-difluorohex-5-enoic acid 2-[4-(4-trifluoromethylbenzyloxy)-phenoxy]-ethyl ester (CGA 304'111). This compound showed excellent performance in field trials against a wide range of pests, as well as a more favourable toxicological profile than earlier derivatives. For a largescale synthesis of CGA 304'111, five different synthetic routes for 6,6-difluorohex-5-enoic acid were developed. The best route involved radical addition of CBrClF2 to pent-4-enoic acid. Removal of bromine by hydrogenation, elimination of chloride and hydrolysis of the ester concluded this most efficient sequence. Thus, a practical synthesis for CGA 304'111 was identified, which allowed the preparation of samples on a several 100 g scale.