Amifostine is rapidly dephosphorylated by alkaline phosphatase in tissues primarily to the active free thiol metabolite and, subsequently, to a less active disulfide metabolite.
Amifostine is dephosphorylated by alkaline phosphatase in tissues primarily to the active free thiol metabolite and, subsequently, to a less active disulfide metabolite.
Within 1 hour after infusion of 740 to 910 mg per square meter of body surface area over 15 minutes or rapid intravenous injection of 150 mg per square meter body surface area over 10 seconds, urinary recovery of unchanged amifostine, of the disulfide metabolite, and the thiol metabolite accounts for only 0.69%, 2.22%, and 2.64%, respectively, of the dose.
This study investigated the metabolism of the radio- and chemoprotector compound, WR-2721 [amifostine; s-2-(3- aminopropylamino)ethylphosphorothioate], in the Balb/c mouse. ... It is known that /radiation/ protection requires conversion of the parent drug to its free thiol metabolite, WR-1065, in cultured cells. Because it is possible that metabolites of WR-1065 could be involved in protection and because thiols are metabolically very reactive molecules, we investigated the metabolism of WR-2721 using electrochemical detection-HPLC methods. The following are the major findings in this study: 1) WR-2721 drug was rapidly cleared from the bloodstream. Blood concentration of the parent drug decreased 10-fold 30 min after administration from the maximal observed value at 5 min 2) WR-1065 rapidly appeared in the perchloric acid (PCA)-soluble fraction of normal solid tissues. The highest WR-1065 concentrations in liver and kidney were 965 and 2195 mumol/kg, respectively, 10 min after parent drug administration, whereas for heart and small intestine the highest values were 739 and 410 mumol/kg at 30 min. 3) WR-1065 accumulated in the PCA-soluble fraction of two experimental tumors at a lower rate than for the other tissues.
参考文献:M Chen, V Vijay, Q Shi, Z Liu, H Fang, W Tong. 美国食品药品监督管理局批准的药物标签用于研究药物诱导的肝损伤,《药物发现今日》,16(15-16):697-703, 2011. PMID:21624500 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2011.05.007
M Chen, A Suzuki, S Thakkar, K Yu, C Hu, W Tong. DILIrank:按人类发展药物诱导肝损伤风险排名的最大参考药物清单。《药物发现今日》2016, 21(4): 648-653. PMID:26948801 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015
References:M Chen, V Vijay, Q Shi, Z Liu, H Fang, W Tong. FDA-Approved Drug Labeling for the Study of Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Drug Discovery Today, 16(15-16):697-703, 2011. PMID:21624500 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2011.05.007
M Chen, A Suzuki, S Thakkar, K Yu, C Hu, W Tong. DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans. Drug Discov Today 2016, 21(4): 648-653. PMID:26948801 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015
After a 10-second bolus dose of 150 mg/m2 of ETHYOL, renal excretion of the parent drug and its two metabolites was low during the hour following drug administration, averaging 0.69%, 2.64% and 2.22% of the administered dose for the parent, thiol and disulfide, respectively.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
活性游离巯基代谢物在静脉给药后5到8分钟内在骨髓细胞中可测量到。
Measurable concentrations of the active free thiol metabolite have been found in bone marrow cells 5 to 8 minutes after intravenous administration.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
尚不清楚氨磷汀或其代谢物是否会分布到母乳中。
It is not known whether amifostine or its metabolites are distributed into breast milk.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
消除主要是通过快速代谢和组织摄取。
Elimination /is/ primarily via rapid metabolism and uptake into tissues.
... Studies in rats using a single dose of amifostine showed that /with/ SC administration, there is no evidence of drug accumulation in either normal or tumor tissue, with tumor WR-1065 levels peaking just above the limits of quantitation during treatment. ...
申请人:INDUSTRY-ACADEMIC COOPERATION FOUNDATION OF SUNCHON NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 순천대학교 산학협력단(220040127545) BRN ▼416-82-14326
公开号:KR101690179B1
公开(公告)日:2016-12-28
본 발명은 방사선 방호제인 아미포스틴(amifostine)이 공유결합되고 디셀레노디프로피오닉엑시드(3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid; DSePA)에 의해 가교결합된 방사선 응답형 키토산 나노입자의 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 구체적으로 DSePA와 아미포스틴을 공유결합하는 단계, 상기 공유결합체와 수용성 키토산을 공유결합시켜 키토산 유도체를 합성하는 단계, 메톡시 폴리에틸렌글리콜(methoxy poly(ethylene glycol))을 상기 키토산 유도체에 공유결합시키는 단계, 및 DSePA로 상기 키토산 유도체를 가교시키는 단계를 포함하는 방사선 응답형 키토산 나노입자를 제조하는 방법을 제공하는데 그 기술적 특징이 있고, 상기 제조방법의한 아미포스틴을 결합한 방사선 응답형 키토산 나노입자는 방사선 노출로부터 인체를 보호할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 방사선을 조사하였을 때만 아미포스틴이 방출되어 인체에 대한 부작용을 최소화할 수 있다.