The trifluoromethylation of chloroaromatics using the copper-CF2Br2 - dialkylamide reaction system
摘要:
The in situ generation of CuCF3 from the reaction of copper, dibromodifluoromethane and either N,N-dimethylformamide or N,N-dimethylacetamide (Burton's reagent) has been used for the direct substitution of chlorine by CF3 in a number of aromatic substrates. Particular attention has been paid to the effects of ring substituents on the efficiency of reaction.
A trifluoromethylpyridine selected from the group consisting of α-trifluoromethylpyridine, y-trifluoromethylpyridine, a bis(trifluoromethyl)pyridine and chlorides thereof which have 1 to 3 chlorine atoms in its pyridine nucleus is produced by reacting a pyridine derivative selected from the group consisting of a-picoline, y-picoline and a lutidine with chlorine and anhydrous hydrogen fluoride at a temperature of 300 to 600°C in a vapor phase in the presence of a diluent and a catalyst comprising a fluoride of a metallic element selected from the group consisting of aluminium, chromium, iron, nickel, manganese, cobalt and copper.
When N-fluoropyridinium salt of the following formula is prepared by reacting a pyridine compound with a Brønsted acid and fluorine, an excess amount of the pyridine compound relative to the amount of the Brønsted acid being used, a high yield results.
SOLID POLYALUMINOXANE COMPOSITION, CATALYST FOR OLEFIN POLYMERIZATION, METHOD FOR PRODUCING OLEFIN POLYMER, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SOLID POLYALUMINOXANE COMPOSITION
申请人:Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
公开号:EP2955187A1
公开(公告)日:2015-12-16
An object of the invention is to provide a solid polyaluminoxane composition suitably used as a cocatalyst and a catalyst carrier in combination with an olefin oligomerization or polymerization catalyst, without the use of solid inorganic carriers such as silica. The solid polyaluminoxane composition of the invention includes a polyalkylaluminoxane and a trialkylaluminum, and has a solubility in n-hexane at 25°C of less than 0.50 mol% as measured by a specific method (i), a solubility in toluene at 25°C of less than 1.0 mol% as measured by a specific method (ii), and a 13 mol% or more molar fraction of alkyl groups derived from the trialkylaluminum moieties relative to the total number of moles of alkyl groups derived from the polyalkylaluminoxane moieties and the alkyl groups derived from the trialkylaluminum moieties as measured with respect to tetrahydrofuran-d8 soluble components by a specific method (iii).
Solid polyaluminoxane composition, olefin polymerization catalyst, olefin polymer production method and solid polyaluminoxane composition production method
申请人:MITSUI CHEMICALS, INC.
公开号:US10150823B2
公开(公告)日:2018-12-11
An object of the invention is to provide a solid polyaluminoxane composition suitably used as a cocatalyst and a catalyst carrier in combination with an olefin oligomerization or polymerization catalyst, without the use of solid inorganic carriers such as silica. The solid polyaluminoxane composition of the invention includes a polyalkylaluminoxane and a trialkylaluminum, and has a solubility in n-hexane at 25° C. of less than 0.50 mol % as measured by a specific method (i), a solubility in toluene at 25° C. of less than 1.0 mol % as measured by a specific method (ii), and a 13 mol % or more molar fraction of alkyl groups derived from the trialkylaluminum moieties relative to the total number of moles of alkyl groups derived from the polyalkylaluminoxane moieties and the alkyl groups derived from the trialkylaluminum moieties as measured with respect to tetrahydrofuran-d8 soluble components by a specific method (iii).
本发明的一个目的是提供一种固体聚铝氧烷组合物,该组合物可作为催化剂和催化剂载体与烯烃低聚或聚合催化剂结合使用,而无需使用固体无机载体,如二氧化硅。本发明的固体聚铝氧烷组合物包括一种聚烷基铝氧烷和一种三烷基铝,在 25° C 的正己烷中的溶解度按特定方法(i)测定小于 0.50 摩尔%,在 25° C 的甲苯中的溶解度按特定方法(ii)测定小于 1.通过特定方法(ii)测定,在 25° C 的正己烷中的溶解度小于 0.50 摩尔%;通过特定方法(iii)测定,在 25° C 的甲苯中的溶解度小于 1.0 摩尔%;通过特定方法(ii)测定,相对于四氢呋喃-d8 可溶组分,来自三烷基铝分子的烷基的摩尔分数为 13 摩尔%或更多。
Methods of treating hyperalgesia
申请人:Trevena, Inc.
公开号:US10588889B2
公开(公告)日:2020-03-17
This application describes compounds and methods that can be used to treat, reverse, or avoid hyperalgesia.