Oxidative cross-coupling of some 2,6- and N,N-disubstituted aniline derivatives with 4-aminophenol mediated by cerium(IV) ions in aqueous perchloric acid
摘要:
The mechanism of the oxidation of mixtures of 2,6-dimethylaniline (1), N,N-dimethylaniline (2), 2,6-diethylaniline (3), N,N-diethylaniline (4), N-methylaniline (5), 2,6-difluoroaniline (6), and 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoroaniline (7) with 4-aminophenol (8) by cerium(IV) ions in aqueous perchloric acid has been investigated. The indoaniline salts [O=C6H4=N-C6H2(R-1)(2)NH(R-2)(2)]+ClO4- (R-1 = H, R-2 = CH3, C2H5 or vice versa) are formed as intermediates in the cross-coupling reaction; they undergo oxidation to imino-4-benzoquinone (9) and its corresponding derivatives by cerium(IV) ions in high yields. The mechanism of this process is discussed.
complete trend reversal in their observed peroxidasekinetics and product yields. Although at pH 7.0 DHP-B had higher TCP oxidation activity than DHP-A as reported previously, as pH was lowered, DHP-A appeared to have a higher peroxidase activity than DHP-B. This is an unprecedented result. However, the fact that there are multiple processes contributing to both kinetics and yield of TCP oxidation complicates
Process for the preparation of a diester of a dicarboxylic acid
申请人:SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH
MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V.
公开号:EP0231044A2
公开(公告)日:1987-08-05
Process for the preparation of dicarboxylate esters by reacting an optionally substituted ethylenically or acetylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon having two carbon atoms less than said dicarboxylic acid, CO and an alcohol in the presence of a Group 8 noble metal or a compound thereof and of a quinone. The process includes the preparation of diesters of 2-butenedioic acids derived from acetylenically unsaturated hydrocarbons.
制备二羧酸酯的工艺:在第 8 族贵金属或其化合物以及醌的存在下,使具有比所述二羧酸少两个碳原子的任选取代的乙烯基或乙炔基不饱 和烃与 CO 和醇反应。 该工艺包括制备从乙炔基不饱和烃衍生的 2-丁烯二酸二酯。
Process for the preparation of carbonyl compounds
申请人:SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH
MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V.
公开号:EP0237108A1
公开(公告)日:1987-09-16
A process for the preparation of carbonyl compounds which comprises oxidizing an olefinically unsaturated compound in the presence of oxygen and water and a catalyst comprising a Group 8 noble metal or a compound thereof, a salt of a metal showing ≧ 2 valence states and a quinone, which process is carried out in the presence of a solvent containing a carbamoyl group
in which the nitrogen atom is bound to three carbon atoms and in which the carbon atom is bound to another carbon atom.
Process for the preparation of an ester of a 3-aryl-substituted acrylic acid
申请人:SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH
MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V.
公开号:EP0279474A1
公开(公告)日:1988-08-24
Process for the preparation of an ester of a 3-aryl-substituted acrylic acid by reacting (a) a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon containing a 1-alkenyl group with one or two hydrogen atoms in beta-position, (b) CO and (c) an alcohol in the presence of a Group 8 noble metal or a compound thereof, a quinone and a redox agent.
Assays employing electrochemiluminescent labels and electrochemiluminescence quenchers
申请人:IGEN International, Inc.
公开号:EP1359416A2
公开(公告)日:2003-11-05
The present invention concerns chemical and biological assays that employ electrochemiluminescence (ECL), also referred to as electrogenerated chemiluminescence. More particularly, the present application pertains to certain classes of chemical moieties that strongly quench ECL, and to the use of these ECL quenchers in combination with ECL labels, for example, in ECL assay methods that employ an ECL quencher and an ECL label. One class of such quenching moieties are those that comprise at least one benzene moiety. Sub-classes of such quenching moieties are those that comprise at least one phenol moiety, quinone moiety, benzene carboxylic acid, and/or at least one carboxylate moiety.