(2R)-2-ethyl-2-hydroxypentanenitrile | 144836-85-1

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氧化合物
• 英文名称: (2R)-2-ethyl-2-hydroxypentanenitrile
• CAS: 144836-85-1
• 化学式: C₇H₁₃NO
• 分子量: 127.186
• InChiKey: ZGEKCYSQOSFINC-SSDOTTSWSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  231.9±13.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  0.941±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.3
• 重原子数：
  9
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.86
• 拓扑面积：
  44
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  (2R)-2-ethyl-2-hydroxypentanenitrile 在 盐酸 作用下， 反应 25.0h， 生成 (R)-2-ethyl-2-hydroxypentanoic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  （R）-氧硝腈酶催化的（R）-酮氰醇的合成

  摘要：

  杏仁（Prunus amygdalus）的（R）-氧化硝化酶催化将HCN对映选择性加成到二异丙基醚中的乙基烷基酮1中，得到（R）-乙基烷基酮氰醇（R）-2 ，在酸催化下水解得到α -羟基酸（R）-3 。该（R）-氧硝腈酶还催化在柠檬酸缓冲液（50 mM，pH 4.0）中的对映选择性加成，如制备（R）-甲基烷基酮氰基醇（R）-5的制备所证明的那样，该对映体以高对映体过量获得以二异丙醚为溶剂的溶剂。

  DOI：

  10.1016/0957-4166(95)00391-6
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  (E)-2-hydroxypent-3-enenitrile 在 三异丙氧基氯化钛 、 N,N-二甲基丙烯基脲 、 正丁基锂 、 溶剂黄146 、 三乙胺 、 4-2-吡啶偶氮-N,N-二甲氧基苯胺 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 1,4-二氧六环 、 正己烷 、 二氯甲烷 为溶剂， 反应 8.33h， 生成 (2R)-2-ethyl-2-hydroxypentanenitrile
  参考文献：
  名称：

  A General Strategy to Enantiomerically Pure Aliphatic and Olefinic Ketone Cyanohydrins by Stereoselective Alkylation of Umpoled Aldehyde Derivatives

  摘要：

  We present the first general synthesis of optically pure (R)- and (S)-ketone cyanohydrins with olefinic and aliphatic substituents. Consecutive condensations of POCl3 with pseudoephedrine (1) and racemic crotonaldehyde cyanohydrin (3, R = 1-propenyl) lead to the respective cyanohydrin phosphate 4c. Deprotonation, followed by highly stereoselective alkylation and a single chromatographic purification step, afford diastereomerically pure ketone cyanohydrin phosphates 5a-e. From these, enantiomerically pure tertiary cyanohydrins 6a-e can be obtained by mild Lewis acid-assisted hydrolysis. Pseudoephedrine is simultaneously recovered without loss of optical purity. The unsaturated alkylation products 5a-d are readily hydrogenated with diimide to aliphatic cyanohydrin phosphates 5f-i, which can be cleaved to furnish the free optically pure cyanohydrins 6f-i. Thus a broad variety of both saturated and unsaturated ketone cyanohydrins with R > Et becomes accessible in optically pure form for the first time. The free cyanohydrins are easily converted to optically pure alpha-branched alpha-hydroxy acids.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo970854a

文献信息

• (R)-Oxynitrilase catalyzed synthesis of (R)-ketone cyanohydrins
  作者：Franz Effenberger、Stephan Heid

  DOI：10.1016/0957-4166(95)00391-6

  日期：1995.12

  enantioselective addition of HCN to ethyl alkyl ketones 1 in diisopropyl ether yielding (R)-ethyl alkyl ketone cyanohydrins (R)-2, which are hydrolyzed under acid catalysis to give the α-hydroxy acids (R)-3. This (R)-oxynitrilase also catalyzes the enantioselective addition in aqueous citrate buffer (50 mM, pH 4.0), as demonstrated for the preparation of (R)-methyl alkyl ketone cyanohydrins (R)-5 which are obtained

  杏仁（Prunus amygdalus）的（R）-氧化硝化酶催化将HCN对映选择性加成到二异丙基醚中的乙基烷基酮1中，得到（R）-乙基烷基酮氰醇（R）-2 ，在酸催化下水解得到α -羟基酸（R）-3 。该（R）-氧硝腈酶还催化在柠檬酸缓冲液（50 mM，pH 4.0）中的对映选择性加成，如制备（R）-甲基烷基酮氰基醇（R）-5的制备所证明的那样，该对映体以高对映体过量获得以二异丙醚为溶剂的溶剂。
• A General Strategy to Enantiomerically Pure Aliphatic and Olefinic Ketone Cyanohydrins by Stereoselective Alkylation of Umpoled Aldehyde Derivatives
  作者：Christian N. Kirsten、Michael Herm、Thomas H. Schrader

  DOI：10.1021/jo970854a

  日期：1997.10.1

  We present the first general synthesis of optically pure (R)- and (S)-ketone cyanohydrins with olefinic and aliphatic substituents. Consecutive condensations of POCl3 with pseudoephedrine (1) and racemic crotonaldehyde cyanohydrin (3, R = 1-propenyl) lead to the respective cyanohydrin phosphate 4c. Deprotonation, followed by highly stereoselective alkylation and a single chromatographic purification step, afford diastereomerically pure ketone cyanohydrin phosphates 5a-e. From these, enantiomerically pure tertiary cyanohydrins 6a-e can be obtained by mild Lewis acid-assisted hydrolysis. Pseudoephedrine is simultaneously recovered without loss of optical purity. The unsaturated alkylation products 5a-d are readily hydrogenated with diimide to aliphatic cyanohydrin phosphates 5f-i, which can be cleaved to furnish the free optically pure cyanohydrins 6f-i. Thus a broad variety of both saturated and unsaturated ketone cyanohydrins with R > Et becomes accessible in optically pure form for the first time. The free cyanohydrins are easily converted to optically pure alpha-branched alpha-hydroxy acids.