1,1,4,4-tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dichloro-2-butene | 66291-82-5

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 木脂素、新木脂素和相关化合物
• 英文名称: 1,1,4,4-tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dichloro-2-butene
• 英文别名: 1-Chloro-4-[2,3-dichloro-1,4,4-tris(4-chlorophenyl)but-2-enyl]benzene；1-chloro-4-[2,3-dichloro-1,4,4-tris(4-chlorophenyl)but-2-enyl]benzene
• CAS: 66291-82-5
• 化学式: C₂₈H₁₈Cl₆
• 分子量: 567.169
• InChiKey: GTVUABAMGVJSQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  229 °C
• 沸点：
  657.3±55.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.392±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  11
• 重原子数：
  34
• 可旋转键数：
  6
• 环数：
  4.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.07
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  1,1,4,4-tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dichloro-2-butene 、 alkaline earth salt of/the/ methylsulfuric acid 生成 1,1,4,4-四(4-氯苯基)丁-1,2,3-三烯
  参考文献：
  名称：

  In vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities of three Porphyromonas spp and in vivo responses in the oral cavity of cats to selected antimicrobial agents

  摘要：

  ObjectivesTo determine in vitro susceptibility ofPorphyromonas gingivalis, P salivosaandP circumdentariato seven antimicrobial agents by agar dilution and Epsilometer test methods and to assess the effectiveness of these antimicrobial agents in reducing the numbers of eachPorphyromonasspp in the oral cavity of 16 domestic cats.DesignA two‐part prospective study involving in vitro antimicro‐bial studies usingPorphyromonasspp obtained from naturally occurring feline infections and in vivo antimicrobial response studies using client‐owned cats with naturally occurring periodontal disease.ProcedureIsolates (n = 25) of three felinePorphyromonasspp from the oral cavity and oral‐associated disease were tested for their in vitro susceptibility to amoxycillin, amoxycillin‐clavulanate, benzylpenicillin, clindamycin, doxycycline, erythromycin and metronidazole, using agar dilution and Epsilometer test methods. Digoxigenin‐labelled whole chromosomal DNA probes directed againstP gingivalis VPB3492,P circumdentariaNCTC 12469TandP salivosaVPB 3313 were used to quantify organisms taken from two sample sites at the gingival margins of these cats prior to, and 5 days after, treatment with one of four commonly used antimicrobial products (amoxycillin‐clavulanate, clindamycin, doxycycline or spiramycin‐metronidazole). The response to treatment was assessed clinically for each cat.ResultsAll isolates were susceptible in vitro to all seven antimicrobial agents using both methods. The numbers ofP gingivaliswere not reduced at the gingival sample sites by administration of amoxycillin‐clavulanate for 5 days, although this treatment reduced the numbers ofP salivosaandP circumdentaria tobelow detection levels in six of eight and two of three of sample sites, respectively; clinical improvement was not observed in cats treated with amoxycillin‐clavulanate. Treatment with clindamycin, doxycycline or spiramycin‐metronidazole resulted in clinical improvement and a marked reduction of allPorphyromonasisolates at the sample sites.ConclusionThe Epsilometer test is a simple and accurate method for determining the minimum inhibitory concentration forP gingivalis, P salivosaandP circumdentaria.All strains were susceptible in vitro to all the antimicrobial agents tested, although clinical improvement of gingival disease was not noted with amoxycillin‐clavulanate when given for 5 days at usual doses. This appears to be the first report of the disparity between the in vivo and in vitro susceptibility of oral bacterial strains to amoxycillin‐clavulanate in the veterinary dental literature. This also appears to be the first report in which clinical and microbiological responses to commonly used antimicrobial agents for periodontal disease in cats has been documented and quantified. It was shown that treatment with clindamycin, spiramycin‐metronidazole or doxycycline not only produced a substantial reduction in the number ofPorphyromonasspp (in the majority of cases to below detection levels), but also resulted in substantial clinical improvement. This would indicate that these antimicrobial agents are useful adjunctive therapy to mechanical debridement in domestic cats.

  DOI：

  10.1111/j.1751-0813.2000.tb11895.x
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2,2,3,3-tetrachloro-1,1,4,4-tetrakis-(4-chloro-phenyl)-butane 在 乙醇 、 Lindlar's catalyst 、 氢气 作用下， 生成 1,1,4,4-tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dichloro-2-butene
  参考文献：
  名称：

  In vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities of three Porphyromonas spp and in vivo responses in the oral cavity of cats to selected antimicrobial agents

  摘要：

  ObjectivesTo determine in vitro susceptibility ofPorphyromonas gingivalis, P salivosaandP circumdentariato seven antimicrobial agents by agar dilution and Epsilometer test methods and to assess the effectiveness of these antimicrobial agents in reducing the numbers of eachPorphyromonasspp in the oral cavity of 16 domestic cats.DesignA two‐part prospective study involving in vitro antimicro‐bial studies usingPorphyromonasspp obtained from naturally occurring feline infections and in vivo antimicrobial response studies using client‐owned cats with naturally occurring periodontal disease.ProcedureIsolates (n = 25) of three felinePorphyromonasspp from the oral cavity and oral‐associated disease were tested for their in vitro susceptibility to amoxycillin, amoxycillin‐clavulanate, benzylpenicillin, clindamycin, doxycycline, erythromycin and metronidazole, using agar dilution and Epsilometer test methods. Digoxigenin‐labelled whole chromosomal DNA probes directed againstP gingivalis VPB3492,P circumdentariaNCTC 12469TandP salivosaVPB 3313 were used to quantify organisms taken from two sample sites at the gingival margins of these cats prior to, and 5 days after, treatment with one of four commonly used antimicrobial products (amoxycillin‐clavulanate, clindamycin, doxycycline or spiramycin‐metronidazole). The response to treatment was assessed clinically for each cat.ResultsAll isolates were susceptible in vitro to all seven antimicrobial agents using both methods. The numbers ofP gingivaliswere not reduced at the gingival sample sites by administration of amoxycillin‐clavulanate for 5 days, although this treatment reduced the numbers ofP salivosaandP circumdentaria tobelow detection levels in six of eight and two of three of sample sites, respectively; clinical improvement was not observed in cats treated with amoxycillin‐clavulanate. Treatment with clindamycin, doxycycline or spiramycin‐metronidazole resulted in clinical improvement and a marked reduction of allPorphyromonasisolates at the sample sites.ConclusionThe Epsilometer test is a simple and accurate method for determining the minimum inhibitory concentration forP gingivalis, P salivosaandP circumdentaria.All strains were susceptible in vitro to all the antimicrobial agents tested, although clinical improvement of gingival disease was not noted with amoxycillin‐clavulanate when given for 5 days at usual doses. This appears to be the first report of the disparity between the in vivo and in vitro susceptibility of oral bacterial strains to amoxycillin‐clavulanate in the veterinary dental literature. This also appears to be the first report in which clinical and microbiological responses to commonly used antimicrobial agents for periodontal disease in cats has been documented and quantified. It was shown that treatment with clindamycin, spiramycin‐metronidazole or doxycycline not only produced a substantial reduction in the number ofPorphyromonasspp (in the majority of cases to below detection levels), but also resulted in substantial clinical improvement. This would indicate that these antimicrobial agents are useful adjunctive therapy to mechanical debridement in domestic cats.

  DOI：

  10.1111/j.1751-0813.2000.tb11895.x

文献信息

• Recycled Catalysis of a Hydrophobic Vitamin B₁₂in an Ionic Liquid
  作者：Hisashi Shimakoshi、Sei Kudo、Yoshio Hisaeda

  DOI：10.1246/cl.2005.1096

  日期：2005.8

  Recycled use of a hydrophobic vitamin B12, heptamethyl cobyrinate perchlorate, in the dechlorination of 1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane (DDT) with a visible light irradiation system containing a [Ru(II)(bpy)3]Cl2 photosensitizer was achieved using an ionic liquid as reaction medium.

  利用离子液体作为反应介质，实现了在含有[Ru(II)(bpy)3]Cl2光敏剂的可见光照射系统中，疏水性维生素B12衍生物庚甲基氧钴因高氯酸盐在1,1-双(4-氯苯基)-2,2,2-三氯乙烷（DDT）脱氯反应中的循环利用。
• Significant enhancement of visible light photocatalytic activity of the hybrid B₁₂-PIL/rGO in the presence of Ru(bpy)₃²⁺ for DDT dehalogenation
  作者：Ying Sun、Wei Zhang、Jian Tong、Yu Zhang、Shuyao Wu、Daliang Liu、Hisashi Shimakoshi、Yoshio Hisaeda、Xi-Ming Song

  DOI：10.1039/c7ra02062g

  日期：——

  A new hybrid catalyst, B₁₂-PIL/rGO, was prepared. It exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity for DDT dechlorination in the presence of Ru(bpy)₃²⁺.

  一个新的混合催化剂，B12-PIL/rGO，已经制备好。在Ru(bpy)3^2+存在下，它表现出增强的光催化活性，用于DDT去氯化。
• Enhanced photocatalytic activity of a B₁₂-based catalyst co-photosensitized by TiO₂ and Ru(<scp>ii</scp>) towards dechlorination
  作者：Ying Sun、Wei Zhang、Tian-Yi Ma、Yu Zhang、Hisashi Shimakoshi、Yoshio Hisaeda、Xi-Ming Song

  DOI：10.1039/c7ra13037f

  日期：——

  The additivity of the contribution of the UV and visible parts of sunlight to electron transfer was confirmed in the B₁₂–TiO₂–Ru(ii) photocatalytic system.

  阳光的紫外线和可见光部分对电子转移的贡献的可加性在B₁₂–TiO₂–Ru(ii)光催化系统中得到了确认。
• Enhanced reactivity of hydrophobic vitamin B12 towards the dechlorination of DDT in ionic liquid
  作者：Md. Abdul Jabbar、Hisashi Shimakoshi、Yoshio Hisaeda

  DOI：10.1039/b700725f

  日期：——

  The electrolytic reductive dechlorination of 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane (DDT) in the ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim][BF(4)]) in the presence of a cobalamin derivative afforded 1,1'-(ethylidene)bis(4-chlorobenzene)(DDO) and 1,1'-(ethenylidene)bis(4-chlorobenzene)(DDNU) with 1,1'-(2-chloroethylidene)bis(4-chlorobenzene)(DDMS); the enhanced reactivity

  离子液体（IL）1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸酯（[bmim] [BF（4））中1,1-双（对氯苯基）-2,2,2-三氯乙烷（DDT）的电解还原脱氯]）在钴胺素衍生物的存在下得到1,1'-（亚乙基）双（4-氯苯）（DDO）和1,1'-（亚乙烯基）双（4-氯苯）（DDNU），其中1,1' -（2-氯亚乙基）双（4-氯苯）（DDMS）；反应活性的增强以及钴胺素衍生物催化剂在白介素中的可回收性，使得本系统对于开发“绿色”技术更为有效。
• Hydrophobic vitamin B12. Part 19:For Part 18 see ref. 22. Electroorganic reaction of DDT mediated by hydrophobic vitamin B12
  作者：Hisashi Shimakoshi、Mami Tokunaga、Yoshio Hisaeda

  DOI：10.1039/b315170k

  日期：——

  The controlled-potential electrolysis of 1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane (DDT) was carried out at −1.4 V vs. Ag–AgCl in the presence of a hydrophobic vitamin B12, heptamethyl cobyrinate perchlorate. DDT was dechlorinated to form 1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethane (DDD), 1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethylene (DDE), 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDMU) and 1,1

  受控电位电解 1,1-双（4-氯苯基）-2,2,2-三氯乙烷（DDT）的混合物在-1.4V的进行VS。Ag-AgCl在疏水性维生素B 12，高氯酸七甲酯的存在下存在。滴滴涕经脱氯形成1,1-双（4-氯苯基）-2,2-二氯乙烷（DDD），1,1-双（4-氯苯基）-2,2-二氯乙烯（DDE），1-氯-2,2-双（4-氯苯基）乙烯（DDMU）和1,1,4,4-四（4-氯苯基）-2,3-二氯-2-丁烯（TTDB）（E / Z），以及定量回收催化剂 在电解被确认后 电子光谱学。具有电解过程中形成的钴-碳键的光敏中间体的特征在于电子光谱学。利用氘研究了各种脱氯产物的形成机理溶剂 以及各种光谱测量，例如 紫外可见 以及EPR自旋捕集技术。