Thiazole as Leaving Group. Thermal Elimination from Thiazolylketoses
摘要:
Heating thiazolylketofuranoses and -ketopyranoses in refluxing toluene results in the elimination of thiazole and formation of the corresponding sugar lactones in nearly quantitative yield. The same reaction does not occur with 1-O-acetyl and 1-O-trimethylsilyl derivatives. Also model furyl- and thienylketofuranoses and various thiazolyl alcohols proved to be stable under the above thermolysis conditions. A possible mechanism of the observed thermolysis of thiazolylketoses involves the thiazolium 2-ylide as the actual leaving group.
A method for the installation of the formyl group at the anomeric position of pyranoses and furanoses starting from the corresponding lactones has been developed. The strategy involves the addition of 2-lithiothiazole to the sugar lactone, followed by the silane reduction of the acetylated resultant ketol and the unmasking of the formyl group from the thiazole ring. All steps have been studied in some details to improve chemical efficiency and stereochemical control. Hence, reversed alpha:beta ratios of ketols were found in kinetic and thermodynamic mixtures, the former being consistent with a steric effect control of the substituents and the latter by the electronic effect of the ring oxygen. Seven sugar aldehydes with different D-pyranosidic (2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-gluco, -galacto, and -manno, 2-azido-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-galacto) and D-furanosidic moieties (5-O-benzyl-2,3-isopropylidene-ribo; 2,3,5-tri-O-benzyl-ribo; 2,3:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-manno) were prepared in 52-65% isolated overall yield from the corresponding lactone.
Selectivity in the SmI2-induced deoxygenation of thiazolylketoses for formyl C-glycoside synthesis and revised structure of C-ribofuranosides
作者:Alessandro Dondoni、Paolo Formaglio、Alberto Marra、Alessandro Massi
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)00736-0
日期:2001.9
Deoxygenation of thiazolylketose acetates using SmI2–(CH2OH)2 or TMSOTf–Et3SiH affords thiazolyl C-glycosides with opposite α/β ratios. Examination of the thiazolyl α- and β-C-ribofuranoside pair by NOE experiments reveals that the earlier configuration assigned to one of these isomers has to be revised. Having prepared authentic anomeric α- and β-ribofuranose aldehydes from the corresponding thiazolyl