Inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis. 1. trans-6-(2-Pyrrol-1-ylethyl)-4-hydroxypyran-2-ones, a novel series of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. 1. Effects of structural modifications at the 2- and 5-positions of the pyrrole nucleus
摘要:
A novel series of trans-6-(2-pyrrol-1-ylethyl)-4-hydroxypyran-2-ones and their dihydroxy acid derivatives were prepared and evaluated for their ability to inhibit the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase in vitro. A systematic study of substitution at the 2- and 5-positions of the pyrrole ring revealed that optimum potency was realized with the 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-isopropyl derivative 8x, which possessed 30% of the in vitro activity of the potent fungal metabolite compactin (I). A molecular modeling analysis led to the description of a pharmacophore model characterized by (A) length limits of 5.9 and 3.3 A for the 2- and 5-substituents, respectively, as well as an overall width limit of 10.6 A across the pyrrole ring from the 2- to the 5-substituent and (B) an orientation of the ethyl(ene) bridge to the 4-hydroxypyran-2-one ring nearly perpendicular to the planes of the parent pyrrole, hexahydronaphthalene, and phenyl rings of the structures examined (Figure 3, theta = 80-110 degrees). Attempts to more closely mimic compactin's polar isobutyric ester side chain with the synthesis of 2-phenylpyrroles containing polar phenyl substituents resulted in analogues with equal or slightly reduced potencies when compared to the 2-[(unsubstituted or 4-fluoro)phenyl]pyrroles, supporting the hypothesis that inhibitory potency is relatively insensitive to side-chain polarity or charge distribution in this area.
在这项工作中,合成了一系列苯甲酰溴衍生物,并用作合成取代的咪唑并[1,2- a ]吡啶的关键中间体。首先,在微波辐射的辅助下,通过苯乙酮的溴化反应获得苯甲酰溴分子,在15分钟的反应中获得产物4a-v,产率在50%至99%之间。随后,这些分子与2-氨基吡啶共轭,产生了咪唑并[1,2- a ]吡啶衍生物(7a-v)在60秒的反应中产率为24%至99%。相对于通过更繁琐的方法(如热辅助和机械辅助路线)获得的产量,确定了更高的产量。根据取代基的性质,在紫外线激发下观察到电磁光谱的紫色和蓝色区域中的强烈发光发射。这种对环境友好的方法有望构成一类重要的有机化合物,用于开发生物标志物,光化学传感器和医学应用。
spike glycoprotein (S) mediates virus entry into cells via the human Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) protein located on many cell types and tissues' outer surface. This study, therefore, aimed to design and synthesize novel pyrazolone-based compounds as potential inhibitors that would interrupt the interaction between the viral spike protein and the host cell receptor to prevent SARS-CoV 2 entrance
Several novel thiazolylpyrazoline derivatives were synthesized by reacting substituted 3,5-diaryl-1-thiocarba\-moyl-2-pyrazolines with phenacylbromides. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by IR, $^1}$H NMR, $^13}$C NMR, and MS spectral data. Their antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus(ATCC-25923), Enterococcus faecalis} (ATCC-29212), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC-51922), Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC-1911), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC-700603), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC-27853), Escherichia coli (ATCC-35218), Escherichia coli (ATCC-25922), Candida albicans (ATCC-90028), Candida glabrata (ATCC-90030), Candida krusei (ATCC-6258), and Candida parapsilosis (ATCC-22019) were investigated. The compounds were also studied for their cytotoxic effects using a MTT assay. Compound 7c showed the highest antimicrobial activity, possessing the same potential as chloramphenicol against K. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli (ATCC-25923).
Identification of a potent new chemotype for the selective inhibition of PDE4
作者:Amanda P. Skoumbourdis、Ruili Huang、Noel Southall、William Leister、Vicky Guo、Ming-Hsuang Cho、James Inglese、Marshall Nirenberg、Christopher P. Austin、Menghang Xia、Craig J. Thomas
DOI:10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.01.028
日期:2008.2
A series of substituted 3,6-diphenyl-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazines were prepared and analyzed as inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4). Synthesis, structure-activity relationships, and the selectivity of a highly potent analogue against related phosphodiesterase isoforms are presented.
Thiazole as a carbonyl bioisostere. A novel class of highly potent and selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonists
作者:Terry Rosen、Arthur A. Nagel、James P. Rizzi、Jeffrey L. Ives、June B. Daffeh、Alan H. Ganong、Karen Guarino、James Heym、Stafford McLean
DOI:10.1021/jm00172a006
日期:1990.10
A novelstructural class of highly potent and selective 5-HT3 receptorantagonists is described. The compounds in this new series contain a thiazole moiety linking an aromatic group and a nitrogen-containing basic region; the thiazole group appears to be acting as a carbonyl bioisostere in this system. An optimized member of this series, 4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-[[4(5)-methyl-5(4)-imidazolyl]methyl]thiazole
Hepatitis C virus inhibitors having the general formula
are disclosed. Compositions comprising the compounds and methods for using the compounds to inhibit HCV are also disclosed.