The biodegradation of bioresmethrin is a complex phenomenon with several reactions occurring simultaneously and taking place at various positions in the molecule. The initial step in the metabolism is cleavage at the ester linkage, a reaction found to be catalyzed by esterases localized in the liver microsome. Transisomerization was reported with bioresmethrin but was apparently limited to isomerization of degradation products, not observed with the parent molecule and seen only when bioresmethrin was administered at low levels. Bioresmethrin is degraded by ester cleavage and the alcohol moiety is oxidized to 5-benzyl-3-furylmethanol (BFA), 5-benzyl-3-furoic acid (BFCA), 4'-hydroxy BFCA and alpha-hydroxy BFCA (alpha-OH-BFCA). The chrysanthemate (acid) moiety undergoes oxidation from trans-chrysanthemic acid (tE-CHA) to 2,2-dimethyl3-(2'hydroxymethyl-1'-propenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (tE-CHA) (oxidative metabolism at the methyl group of the isobutenyl side chain trans (E) to the cyclopropane). This is further oxidized through the formyl derivative (CAA) to the dicarboxylic acid isomers (tE-CDA and cE-CDA). It is at the CAA oxidation stage where isomerization may occur through the proposed aldehyde (cE-CAA) intermediate to (cE-CDA) the cis-dicarboxylic acid (Ueda et al., 1975b). This metabolic sequence may also account for the consideration of Verschoyle and Barnes (1972) that as a delay in signs of poisoning was evident following iv administration, bioresmethrin may be converted in vivo to a toxic metabolite. The presence of (+)-trans-CA,-BFA and BFCA as metabolites, which are more toxic than bioresmethrin, may account for their observation and conclusions. The metabolic sequence is very similar qualitatively to that observed with resmethrin although much less complicated because of the lack of isomeric products and because of the specificity of certain isomers to enzymatic degradation by selected routes as mentioned above. (L877)
Pyrethroids exert their effect by prolonging the open phase of the sodium channel gates when a nerve cell is excited. They appear to bind to the membrane lipid phase in the immediate vicinity of the sodium channel, thus modifying the channel kinetics. This blocks the closing of the sodium gates in the nerves, and thus prolongs the return of the membrane potential to its resting state. The repetitive (sensory, motor) neuronal discharge and a prolonged negative afterpotential produces effects quite similar to those produced by DDT, leading to hyperactivity of the nervous system which can result in paralysis and/or death. Other mechanisms of action of pyrethroids include antagonism of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated inhibition, modulation of nicotinic cholinergic transmission, enhancement of noradrenaline release, and actions on calcium ions. (T18, L857)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
致癌物分类
对人类不具有致癌性（未被国际癌症研究机构IARC列名）。
No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
As for every type I pyrethroid, bioresmethrin effects typically include rapid onset of aggressive behavior and increased sensitivity to external stimuli, followed by fine tremor, prostration with coarse whole body tremor, elevated body temperature, coma, and death. (L857)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
暴露途径
该物质可以通过吸入其气溶胶和通过摄入被身体吸收。
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol and by ingestion.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
[EN] BICYCLYL-SUBSTITUTED ISOTHIAZOLINE COMPOUNDS<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS ISOTHIAZOLINE SUBSTITUÉS PAR UN BICYCLYLE
申请人：BASF SE
公开号：WO2014206910A1
公开（公告）日：2014-12-31
The present invention relates to bicyclyl-substituted isothiazoline compounds of formula (I) wherein the variables are as defined in the claims and description. The compounds are useful for combating or controlling invertebrate pests, in particular arthropod pests and nematodes. The invention also relates to a method for controlling invertebrate pests by using these compounds and to plant propagation material and to an agricultural and a veterinary composition comprising said compounds.
The present invention relates to azoline compounds of formula (I) wherein A, B1, B2, B3, G1, G2, X1, R1, R3a, R3b, Rg1 and Rg2 are as defined in the claims and the description. The compounds are useful for combating or controlling invertebrate pests, in particular arthropod pests and nematodes. The invention also relates to a method for controlling invertebrate pests by using these compounds and to plant propagation material and to an agricultural and a veterinary composition comprising said compounds.
