Methotrexate analogs. 20. Replacement of glutamate by longer-chain amino diacids: Effects on dihydrofolate reductase inhibition, cytotoxicity, and in vivo antitumor activity
作者:Andre Rosowsky、Ronald Forsch、Jack Uren、Michael Wick、A. Ashok Kumar、James H. Freisheim
DOI:10.1021/jm00366a012
日期:1983.12
Chain-extended analogues of methotrexate were synthesized by condensation of 4-amino-4-deoxy-N10-methylpteroic acid with esters of L-alpha-aminoadipic, L-alpha-aminopimelic, and L-alpha-aminosuberic acids, followed by ester hydrolysis with acid or base. Coupling was accomplished in up to 85% yield by the use of the peptide bond forming reagent diethyl phosphorocyanidate at room temperature. The products
甲氨蝶呤的扩链类似物通过4-氨基-4-脱氧-N10-甲基蝶酸与L-α-氨基己二酸酯,L-α-氨基庚二酸和L-α-氨基异丁烯酸酯的缩合合成,然后进行酯水解用酸或碱。通过在室温下使用形成肽键的试剂二乙基磷腈二酸酯,以高达85%的产率完成偶联。发现该产物以与甲氨蝶呤相当的亲和力结合细菌(干酪乳杆菌)和哺乳动物(L1210小鼠白血病)二氢叶酸还原酶,并且对培养中的L1210细胞也具有同等毒性。随着氨基酸侧链中CH2基团的数目从2个增加到5个,细胞毒性增加到3倍。α-氨基己二酸和α-氨基庚二酸类似物是羧肽酶G1的底物,证实该酶对C端L-谷氨酸残基有严格要求。在qd X 9时间表上,链延长类似物在小鼠中对L1210白血病的体内抗肿瘤活性与母体药物相当,但是需要更高剂量才能实现同样的存活率增加。结果与单独报道的发现一致,这些化合物是叶酸聚谷氨酸合成酶的不良底物,因此一旦它们进入细胞就不会形成γ-聚谷氨酸