月桂醇聚醚-4 属于聚醚类消泡剂,是目前消泡剂的一种重要品种。这类消泡剂具有无毒、无味、无刺激性、耐硬水及酸碱以及与体系相容性好等优点。虽然它的消泡性能不如含硅消泡剂高,但其抑泡性能却非常优异。
应用月桂醇聚醚-4 在化妆品中可用作抗静电剂和乳化剂。然而需要注意的是,它有较高的可能性会导致皮肤过敏或引发粉刺问题。
制备合成通法如下:在氩气保护条件下,向含有三乙二醇或三缩四乙二醇(1当量)的DMF(40mL)溶液中加入碘代烷烃(1当量)。混合物冷却至0℃后,加入氢化钠(1.5当量,60% 溶于矿物油),搅拌2小时。加水淬灭后,用乙酸乙酯萃取两次(每次20mL),合并乙酸乙酯相,用饱和食盐水洗涤,然后用无水硫酸钠干燥并浓缩得到粗产品。通过硅胶柱层析(乙酸乙酯-正己烷)纯化,即得样品,直接用于下一步反应。
具体制备月桂醇聚醚-4 的实例为:三缩四乙二醇(2mL,11.59mmol)、1-碘十二烷(4.42g,11.59mmol)和氢化钠(0.70g,17.38mmol)反应后得到月桂醇聚醚-4 (2.18g,6.02mmol),产率约为52%,为无色油状物。其 Rf 值为 0.41 (乙酸乙酯-正己烷 3∶2)。
用途月桂醇聚醚-4 主要用作乳化剂。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | undec-1-en-11-yltetra(ethylene glycol) | 130727-46-7 | C19H38O5 | 346.508 |
Since inorganic nanoparticles have unique properties that differ from bulk materials, their material applications have attracted attention in various fields. In order to utilize inorganic nanoparticles for functional materials, they must be dispersed without agglomeration. Therefore, the surfaces of inorganic nanoparticles are typically modified with organic ligands to improve their dispersibility. Nevertheless, the relationship between the tail group structure in organic ligands and the dispersibility of inorganic nanoparticles in organic solvents remains poorly understood. We previously developed amphiphilic ligands that consist of ethylene glycol chains and alkyl chains to disperse inorganic nanoparticles in a variety of organic solvents. However, the structural requirements for amphiphilic ligands to “flexibly” disperse nanoparticles in less polar to polar solvents are still unclear. Here, we designed and synthesized several phosphonic acid ligands for structure‒function relationship studies of flexdispersion. Dynamic light scattering analysis and visible light transmittance measurements revealed that the ratio of alkyl/ethylene glycol chains in organic ligands alone does not determine the dispersibility of the nanoparticles in organic solvents, but the arrangement of the individual chains also has an effect. From a practical application standpoint, it is preferable to design ligands with ethylene glycol chains on the outside relative to the particle surface.