Di-, tri-, and tetrasubstituted β-lactones are accessible in a one-step procedure by a Reformatskyreaction of phenyl α-bromoalkanoates with ketones or aldehydes at a sacrificial indium anode. With indium powder comparable results are obtained. The yield of β-lactones is significantly lower, if zinc is used instead of indium.
Synthesis of .beta.-Lactones via a Spontaneous Intramolecular Cyclization of O-Lithiated Phenyl .beta.-Hydroxyalkanoates Obtained by Aldolization of Ketones or Aldehydes with Lithium Enolates of Phenyl Esters
作者:Christine Wedler、Annamarie Kunath、Hans Schick
DOI:10.1021/jo00108a052
日期:1995.2
Preparation and Properties of 2-Methyleneoxetanes
作者:Lisa M. Dollinger、Albert J. Ndakala、Mehrnoosh Hashemzadeh、Gan Wang、Ying Wang、Isamir Martinez、Joel T. Arcari、David J. Galluzzo、Amy R. Howell、Arnold L. Rheingold、Joshua S. Figuero
DOI:10.1021/jo9906072
日期:1999.9.1
The methylenation of beta-lactones 5 with dimethyltitanocene provides a versatile, reliable, and highly chemoselective entry to 2-methyleneoxetanes 7. The conversion proceeds selectively in the presence of alkenes, unprotected alcohols, and a variety of other carbonyl moieties, A study of conditions for the optimization of this reaction is delineated. In addition, the first X-ray structure of a 2-methyleneoxetane, which shows its similarity to related p-lactones, is reported. Reactivity studies of 2-methyleneoxetanes are presented in which it is demonstrated that these compounds are attacked at C-4 with a nucleophile; then, subsequently, the resultant enolate reacted with an electrophile. An interesting dichotomy of reactivity was observed when methyleneoxetane 7c was treated with electrophiles. Reaction of 7c with acetic acid gave acetoxyoxetane 19. When 7c was exposed to bromine, dibromoketone 20 resulted.
Wedler Christine, Kunath Annamarie, Schick Hans, J. Org. Chem, 60 (1995) N 3, S 758-760
作者:Wedler Christine, Kunath Annamarie, Schick Hans