Synthesis of 2,5-Disubstituted Furans via Palladium-Catalyzed Annulation of Alkyl 3-Oxo-6-heptynoates
摘要:
The reaction of the readily available alkyl 3-oxo-6-heptynoates with aryl halides in the presence of K2CO3 and catalytic amounts of Pd(PPh3)(4) at 100 degrees C provides a valuable new route to 2,5-disubstituted furans 3. Most probably, the furan ring is generated through an annulation reaction promoted by sigma-arylpalladium complexes generated in situ and involving the nucleophilic attack of the ketonic oxygen across the carbon-carbon triple bond coordinated to palladium, followed by the base-catalyzed isomerization of the resultant stereoisomeric 2,5-dialkylidenetetrahydrofuran intermediates 4 and 5. The reaction is highly chemoselective. No evidence was obtained of carboannulation products. The reaction temperature has proven to be crucial for the success of the methodology. The K2CO3:alkyne ratio also affects the reaction outcome. The highest yields of furan derivatives have been obtained with aryl halides containing electron-withdrawing substituents, very likely because the higher acidity of the methylene protons of 4 and 5 favors the isomerization step. Extension of the methodology to methyl 3-oxo-7-substituted-6-heptynoates leads to the formation of 2,5-disubstituted furans containing a branched side chain. The presence of an alkyl substituent on the C-2 of the staring alkyne, however, seems to prevent the isomerization step. Treatment of ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxo-6-heptynoate under our standard conditions produced in fact the 2,5-dialkylidene derivative 5p in 42% yield, and no evidence of the corresponding furan derivative was attained.
Synthesis of 2,5-Disubstituted Furans via Palladium-Catalyzed Annulation of Alkyl 3-Oxo-6-heptynoates
摘要:
The reaction of the readily available alkyl 3-oxo-6-heptynoates with aryl halides in the presence of K2CO3 and catalytic amounts of Pd(PPh3)(4) at 100 degrees C provides a valuable new route to 2,5-disubstituted furans 3. Most probably, the furan ring is generated through an annulation reaction promoted by sigma-arylpalladium complexes generated in situ and involving the nucleophilic attack of the ketonic oxygen across the carbon-carbon triple bond coordinated to palladium, followed by the base-catalyzed isomerization of the resultant stereoisomeric 2,5-dialkylidenetetrahydrofuran intermediates 4 and 5. The reaction is highly chemoselective. No evidence was obtained of carboannulation products. The reaction temperature has proven to be crucial for the success of the methodology. The K2CO3:alkyne ratio also affects the reaction outcome. The highest yields of furan derivatives have been obtained with aryl halides containing electron-withdrawing substituents, very likely because the higher acidity of the methylene protons of 4 and 5 favors the isomerization step. Extension of the methodology to methyl 3-oxo-7-substituted-6-heptynoates leads to the formation of 2,5-disubstituted furans containing a branched side chain. The presence of an alkyl substituent on the C-2 of the staring alkyne, however, seems to prevent the isomerization step. Treatment of ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxo-6-heptynoate under our standard conditions produced in fact the 2,5-dialkylidene derivative 5p in 42% yield, and no evidence of the corresponding furan derivative was attained.
Yb(OTf)3-Promoted ZnCl2-Catalyzed Conia-Ene Reaction of Linear β-Alkynic β-Dicarbonyls
作者:Jin-Heng Li、Yu Liu、Ren-Jie Song
DOI:10.1055/s-0030-1258213
日期:2010.11
An atom-economical and solvent-freeytterbium(III) triflate promoted, zinc(II) chloride catalyzed Conia-ene method has been developed for the construction of five- to six-membered-ring carbocycles. In the presence of zinc(II) chloride and ytterbium(III) triflate, a variety of linear β-alkynic β-keto esters and β-alkynic β-diketones were cyclized under neat conditions in moderate to good yields. It
Copper/Silver-Cocatalyzed Conia-Ene Reaction of Linear β-Alkynic β<i>-</i>Ketoesters
作者:Chen-Liang Deng、Ren-Jie Song、Sheng-Mei Guo、Zhi-Qiang Wang、Jin-Heng Li
DOI:10.1021/ol7023289
日期:2007.11.1
A novel and general copper/silver catalytic system has been developed for the Conia-ene intramolecular reaction of linear beta-alkynic beta-ketoesters. In the presence of (CuOTf)(2)center dot C6H6 and AgSbF6 (or AgOAc), a variety of the linear 6-alkynic 6-ketoesters selectively underwent the Conia-ene intramolecular reaction in moderate to good yields.