Carboxylic esters were reduced to alcohols by diphenylsilane catalyzed by a Rh complex at room temperature. For example, ethyl decanoate and ethyl phenylacetate were converted to decanol and 2-phenylethanol by [ for 72 hours in 98 and 92% yields, respectively. Wilkinson's catalyst is also usable, and the reduction of ethyl decanoate finished in 6 hours at room temperature. The bromo-substitutent on
Identification and synthesis of new sex-specific components of olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae) female rectal gland, through original Negishi reactions on supported catalysts
GC/EI-MS, at different moments of the insect life span, highlighted the growing trend of their secretion. While for the synthesis of saturated esters, conventional transesterification methods could be adopted, for the synthesis of unsaturated components, a Negishicross-coupling between organozinc halides and (Z)-1-bromo-1-alkenes was developed. To the extent of our knowledge, this reaction represents
METHOD FOR PRODUCING ISOBUTYLENE, METHOD FOR PRODUCING METHACRYLIC ACID, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING METHYL METHACRYLATE
申请人:MITSUBISHI RAYON CO., LTD.
公开号:US20170129844A1
公开(公告)日:2017-05-11
Provided is a method for producing isobutylene with a high selectivity by a dehydration reaction of isobutanol. There are provided a method for producing isobutylene by dehydration of isobutanol, in which the dehydration of isobutanol is performed in a state where at least one of an organic acid and an organic acid ester is present in a reaction system, and methods for producing methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate from the obtained isobutylene.
Process for Production of Substituted Cyclopentanone
申请人:Shimizu Katsuya
公开号:US20090036692A1
公开(公告)日:2009-02-05
A substituted cyclopentanone represented by the following formula (2):
(wherein R
3
and R
4
represent a substituent having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, may be the same as R
1
and R
2
, respectively, and may be the same as each other) can be produced by hydrogenating the double bond in a compound represented by the following formula (1):
(wherein R
1
and R
2
represent a substituent having 1 to 8 carbon atoms) in the presence of a transition metal catalyst by using a carboxylic acid or a specific concentration of a carboxylic acid ester as a solvent. This process can produce a substituted cyclopentanone which is useful as a jasmine fragrance, an intermediate thereof or the like, in a simple and inexpensive manner at a high cis-isomer ratio.
The invention provides a method of sustained delivery of a tertiary amine-containing parent drug comprising administering to a patient an effective amount of a prodrug compound of the invention wherein upon administration to the patient, release of the parent drug from the prodrug is sustained release. Prodrug compounds suitable for use in the methods of the invention are labile quaternary ammonium salts of tertiary amine-containing parent drugs (or tertiary imine-containing parent drugs) that are derivatized through aldehyde-linked prodrug moieties that reduce the solubility of the prodrug compound at a reference pH as compared to the parent drug. The physical, chemical and solubility properties of these derivatives can be further modulated by the choice of counterion X
−
. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a prodrug compound of Formula I:
where R
1
-R
5
are defined in the written description of the invention. The prodrug compounds of the invention can be used to treat any condition for which the tertiary amine-containing parent drug or tertiary imine-containing parent drug is useful as a treatment.