摘要:
Efficient methods were developed to synthesize a novel series of macrocyclic bisindolylmaleimides containing linkers with multiple heteroatoms. Potent inhibitors (single digit nanomolar IC50) for PKC-beta and GSK-3beta were identified, and compounds showed good selectivity over PKC-alpha, -gamma, delta, -epsilon, and -zeta. Representative compound 5a also had high selectivity in a screening panel of 10 other protein kinases. In cell-based functional assays, several compounds effectively blocked interleukin-8 release induced by PKC-beta11 and increased glycogen synthase activity by inhibiting GSK-3beta. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.