ABSTRACT
Sontochin was the original chloroquine replacement drug, arising from research by Hans Andersag 2 years after chloroquine (known as “resochin” at the time) had been shelved due to the mistaken perception that it was too toxic for human use. We were surprised to find that sontochin, i.e., 3-methyl-chloroquine, retains significant activity against chloroquine-resistant strains of
Plasmodium falciparum in vitro
. We prepared derivatives of sontochin, “pharmachins,” with alkyl or aryl substituents at the 3 position and with alterations to the 4-position side chain to enhance activity against drug-resistant strains. Modified with an aryl substituent in the 3 position of the 7-chloro-quinoline ring, Pharmachin 203 (PH-203) exhibits low-nanomolar 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC
50
s) against drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant strains and
in vivo
efficacy against patent infections of
Plasmodium yoelii
in mice that is superior to chloroquine. Our findings suggest that novel 3-position aryl pharmachin derivatives have the potential for use in treating drug resistant malaria.
摘要
汉斯-安德萨格(Hans Andersag)在氯喹(当时称为 "resochin")因被误认为对人类使用毒性太大而被搁置两年后进行的研究中发现,松妥喹是最初的氯喹替代药物。我们惊讶地发现,松藻精,即 3-甲基-氯喹,对耐氯喹的恶性疟原虫菌株仍有显著的活性。
体外恶性疟原虫的活性。
.我们制备了在 3 位上添加烷基或芳基取代基以及改变 4 位侧链的松托品衍生物 "pharmachins",以增强其对耐药菌株的活性。在 7-氯-喹啉环的 3 位上添加芳基取代基后,Pharmachin 203(PH-203)表现出低纳摩尔的 50% 抑制浓度(IC
50
s),对药物敏感菌株和耐多药菌株以及
体内
对疟原虫的专利感染具有疗效
疟原虫
在小鼠体内抗疟原虫感染的疗效优于氯喹。我们的研究结果表明,新型 3 位芳基药敏素衍生物具有治疗耐药性疟疾的潜力。