Deviations of up to 36° from the orthogonality of the planes of the terminal B atoms of the allene skeleton and their neighbors (ipso-C atoms) are observed in tetraaryl-1,3-diborataallenes of contact-ion triples 1. The unusual geometries are caused by steric hindrance between ortho-methyl groups, which is induced by interactions of the lithium counterions with the π electrons of the aryl substituents
Hindered organoboron groups in organic chemistry. 29 The effect of hindered triorganoboranes on anionic butadiene polymerisations
作者:Andrew Pelter、Robert Drake、Malcolm Stewart
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)85691-x
日期:1994.1
Three new highly hindered triorganoboranes tris(4-t-butyl-2,6-dimethylphenyl)borane (BDP)(3)B), (5) tris-(4-methoxy-2,6-dimethylphenyl)borane, (DMP)(3)B (6), and t-butylbis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)borane (Mes(2)BBu(t)) (7), were prepared and compared with trimesitylborane (4) for their influence on the 1,4-content of anionically produced polymers of butadiene. Each was designed to overcome known side reactions of (4). Unexpectedly, none was more effective overall than (4) in increasing the 1,4- content of the polymer. Borane (7) simply quenched LiBu(n) induced polymerisations, whilst (6) and (7) somewhat enhanced the 1,4-character and sharpened the polymer profile.However, (6) and (7) quenched polymerisations by sodium bases. Studies of the reactions of bases with a variety of hindered boranes suggest reasons for the results obtained, and help with the design of other, possibly more effective, catalysts.
Partial Halogenation of Cyclic and Branched Perhydropentasilanes
The perhydropentasilanes (H3Si)(4)Si and Si5H10 were chlorinated with SnCl4 to give chlorohydropentasilanes without destruction of the Si-Si backbone. Tetrachloroneopentasilane (ClH2Si)(4)Si (2) was prepared in high yield from (H3Si)(4)Si and 3.5 equiv of SnCl4, while Si5H10 and an equimolar amount of SnCl4 afforded a mixture of similar to 60% of ClSi5H9 (1) with polychlorinated cyclopentasilanes and unreacted starting material, which could not be separated by distillation. The selective monochlorination of Si5H10 was achieved starting from MesSi(5)Cl(9) (3; Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) or TBDMP-Si5Cl9 (4; TBDMP = 4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethylphenyl). 3 or 4 was successfully hydrogenated with LiAlH4 to give MesSi(5)H(9) (6) or TBDMP-Si5H9 (7), which finally gave 1 along with aryl-H and Si5H10 after treatment with an excess of liquid anhydrous HCl. All compounds were characterized by standard spectroscopic techniques. For Si-H derivatives, the coupled Si-29 NMR spectra were analyzed in detail to obtain an unequivocal structural assignment. The molecular structures of 2-4 were further confirmed by X-ray crystallography.
Pelter Andrew, Drake Robert, Stewart Malcolm, Tetrahedron, 50 (1994) N 48, S 13829-13846