Trifluoroacetylation-Induced Houben−Hoesch-Type Cyclization of Cyanoacetanilides: Increased Nucleophilicity of CN Groups
摘要:
Trifluoroacetic anhydride-mediated tandem trifluoroacetylation/cyclization of cyanoacetanilides proceeded efficiently under mild conditions to give 4-hydroxy-3-trifluoroacetylquinolin-2(1H)-ones in good yields. Isolation and direct observation of the reaction intermediates revealed that alpha-trifluoroacetylation resulted in the shortening of C N bonds and that the electron density of CN groups was high. A plausible reaction mechanism based on the results is also described.
α-Dimethylaminomethylenation-induced Houben–Hoesch-type cyclization of cyanoacetanilides: a practical synthesis of 3-formyl-4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-ones
The tandem reaction of cyanoacetanilides with triflic anhydride in DMF proceeded at room temperature to afford 3-formyl-4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-ones in good to high yields. A detailed mechanistic study revealed that the tandem reaction proceeded via alpha-dimethylaminomethylenation, which promoted the subsequent Houben-Hoesch-type cyclization. Both alpha-functionalization and the cyclization steps were optimized, and a multi-gram scale synthesis of 3-formyl-4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one was achieved. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
COPPOLA G. M.; HARDTMANN G. E., J. HETEROCYCL. CHEM., 1979, 16, NO 8, 1605-1610