Discovery of 4-[4-({(3R)-1-butyl-3-[(R)-cyclohexyl(hydroxy)methyl]-2,5-dioxo-1,4,9-triazaspiro[5.5]undec-9-yl}methyl)phenoxy]benzoic acid hydrochloride: A highly potent orally available CCR5 selective antagonist
摘要:
Based on the original spirodiketopiperazine design framework, further optimization of an orally available CCR5 antagonist was undertaken. Structural hybridization of the hydroxylated analog 4 derived from one of the oxidative metabolites and the new orally available non-hydroxylated benzoic acid analog 5 resulted in another potent orally available CCR5 antagonist 6a as a clinical candidate. Full details of a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study and ADME properties are presented. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Enantioselective organocatalytic epoxidation using hypervalent iodine reagents
作者:Sandra Lee、David W.C. MacMillan
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2006.07.055
日期:2006.12
A rare example of a hypervalentiodine reagent participating in a 1,4-heteroconjugate addition reaction is reported for the organocatalytic, asymmetric epoxidation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes using imidazolidinone catalyst 1. Development of an ‘internal syringe pump’ effect via the slow release of iodosobenzene from an iminoiodinane source provides high levels of reaction efficiency and enantiomeric
据报道,使用咪唑烷酮催化剂1可以使α,β-不饱和醛发生有机催化,不对称环氧化,这是参与1,4-杂合物加成反应的高价碘试剂的一个罕见例子。通过从亚碘碘烷源缓慢释放碘代苯来开发“内部注射泵”效应,可在缺电子烯烃的不对称环氧化中提供高水平的反应效率和对映体控制。进行了15 N NMR研究,以阐明在原型氧化剂存在下导致催化剂耗竭的反应途径。这些NMR研究也为亚氨基碘烷作为内部缓释氧化剂的应用提供了机理基础,以规避这些催化剂的消耗途径。
Lindstroem, Ulf M.; Somfai, Peter, Synthesis, 1998, # 1, p. 109 - 117
作者:Lindstroem, Ulf M.、Somfai, Peter
DOI:——
日期:——
Spirodiketopiperazine-based CCR5 antagonist: Discovery of an antiretroviral drug candidate
Following the discovery that hydroxylated derivative 3 (Fig. 1) was one of the oxidative metabolites of the original lead 1, it was found that hydroxylated compound 4 possesses higher in vitro anti-HIV potency than the corresponding non-hydroxylated compound 2. Structural hybridation of 4 with the orally available analog 5 resulted in another orally-available spirodiketopiperazine CCR5 antagonist 6a that possesses more favorable pharmaceutical profile for use as a drug candidate. (c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.